Within the context of climate adaptation, the concept of climate refugia has emerged as a framework for addressing future threats to freshwater fish populations. We evaluated recent climate-refugia management associated with water use and landscape modification by comparing efforts in the US states of Oregon and Massachusetts, for which there are contrasting resource use patterns. Using these examples, we discuss tools and principles that can be applied more broadly. Although many early efforts to identify climate refugia have focused on water temperature, substantial gains in evaluating other factors and processes regulating climate refugia (eg stream flow, groundwater availability) are facilitating refined mapping of refugia and assessment of their ecological value. Major challenges remain for incorporating climate refugia into water-quality standards, evaluating trade-offs among policy options, addressing multiple species' needs, and planning for uncertainty. However, with a procedurally transparent and conceptually sound framework to build upon, recent efforts have revealed a promising path forward.

中文翻译：

---

在人类足迹不断扩大的情况下管理淡水鱼类的气候保护区


在气候适应的背景下，气候保护区的概念已成为解决淡水鱼类种群未来威胁的框架。我们通过比较美国俄勒冈州和马萨诸塞州的努力，评估了近期与用水和景观改造相关的气候保护区管理，这两个州的资源利用模式截然不同。通过这些示例，我们讨论了可以更广泛应用的工具和原则。尽管许多识别气候保护区的早期努力都集中在水温上，但在评估调节气候保护区的其他因素和过程（例如溪流、地下水可用性）方面取得的巨大进展正在促进保护区地图的精细化和其生态价值的评估。将气候保护区纳入水质标准、评估政策选择之间的权衡、满足多个物种的需求以及针对不确定性进行规划仍然面临着重大挑战。然而，有了一个程序透明、概念健全的框架，最近的努力已经揭示了一条充满希望的前进道路。