Fires in southeastern Australia produced at least 18 pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) between 29 December 2019 and 4 January 2020. The largest plumes from this event exhibited several previously undocumented phenomena in the stratosphere. These include (i) the generation of potential vorticity and anticyclonic circulations from absorptive aerosol heating, (ii) the formation of a vertical temperature anomaly dipole, (iii) the rapid ascent from the lowermost stratosphere (15–16 km) to altitudes above 31 km in less than 2 months, (iv) an unprecedented abundance of H₂O and CO in the stratosphere, and (v) the displacement of background O₃ and N₂O from rapid ascent of air from the troposphere and lower stratosphere. Each of these phenomena is traced back to a 5‐day‐old stratospheric plume composed of a massive amount of aerosol and biomass burning gases from a pyroCb outbreak. Until now, there has been no documented evidence that pyroCb plumes can affect stratospheric winds.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚的PyroCb烟雾产生对流层平流层反气旋

在2019年12月29日至2020年1月4日期间，澳大利亚东南部的大火产生了至少18枚焦积雨云（pyroCb）。此事件产生的最大羽流在平流层中表现出一些以前未记录的现象。其中包括（i）吸收性气溶胶加热产生潜在的涡旋和反气旋环流；（ii）垂直温度异常偶极子的形成；（iii）从最低平流层（15-16 km）迅速上升到高于31的海拔在不到2个月的时间内达到公里数；（iv）平流层中H ₂ O和CO的空前丰富；（v）背景O ₃和N ₂的位移O是来自对流层和低空平流层的迅速上升的空气。这些现象中的每一个都可以追溯到一个为期5天的平流层羽流，该羽流由来自pyroCb爆发的大量气溶胶和生物质燃烧气体组成。迄今为止，还没有证据表明pyroCb烟流会影响平流层的风。