In today's globalized world, we frequently encounter unfamiliar events that we may have difficulty comprehending – and in turn remembering – due to a lack of appropriate schemata. This research investigated schema effects in a situation where participants established a complex new schema for an unfamiliar type of story through exposure to four variations. We found that immediate recall increased across subsequent stories and that distortions occurred less frequently – participants built on the emerging schema and gradually established representations of parts of the story that were initially transformed. In recall with delays increasing up to 1 month, quantitative measures indicated forgetting while distortions increased. The second focus of this research was on content and order deviation effects on recall. The content deviation, in contrast with previous repeated‐event research, was not remembered well and was associated with lower recall; the order deviation had a similar (but expected) effect. We discuss discrepancies between results of this study and previous literature, which had focused on schemata for familiar events, in relation to stages of schema development: it seems that in unfamiliar repeated events, a complex new schema is in the early stages of formation, where the lack of attentional resources limits active processing of deviations.

中文翻译：

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图式和偏差对记住重复的陌生故事的影响

在当今全球化的世界中，我们经常会遇到一些陌生的事件，由于缺乏适当的图式，我们可能难以理解，进而难以记住。这项研究调查了在参与者通过暴露于四个变体为不熟悉的故事类型建立复杂的新模式的情况下的模式效果。我们发现，在随后的故事中，立即回想的次数增加了，而且失真发生的频率降低了–参与者建立在新出现的模式上，并逐渐建立了故事最初被转换的部分的表示形式。在召回中，延误最多可延长至1个月，定量措施表明遗忘而失真增加了。这项研究的第二个重点是内容和顺序偏差对召回的影响。含量偏差，与以前的重复事件研究相比，没有被很好地记住，并且与较低的召回率相关。顺序偏差具有类似（但预期）的效果。我们讨论了本研究结果与先前文献之间的差异，这些文献集中于与计划发展阶段有关的熟悉事件的计划：似乎在不熟悉的重复事件中，复杂的新计划处于形成的早期，其中注意力资源的缺乏限制了偏差的主动处理。