In this investigation, we have carried out the simulations of light output and the directionality of emission from scintillators coated with microlens arrays by using the ray-optics method. We systematically analyze the impact of an individual microlens at different positions on the light output intensity and the directional control, followed by an entire understanding of microlens arrays. It is found that microlens arrays can be used to increase the extraction efficiency and control the directionality of emission of scintillation light. The multiple reflections by the lateral and bottom surfaces play an important role. A comprehensive understanding of the impact of the ratio of width and thickness of a scintillator and the refractive index of microlens is presented and discussed in details. The maximum angle-integrated intensity could be obtained when the refractive index of microlens is slightly larger than that of scintillator. Simulations based on genetic algorithms can be used to efficiently design the parameters of microlens arrays with a specific target of a combination of emission angle and total emission intensity.

在这项研究中，我们使用射线光学方法对涂有微透镜阵列的闪烁体的光输出和发射方向进行了仿真。我们系统地分析了单个微透镜在不同位置对光输出强度和方向控制的影响，然后对微透镜阵列有了完整的了解。发现微透镜阵列可用于提高提取效率并控制闪烁光的发射方向。侧面和底面的多次反射起着重要的作用。提出并详细讨论了闪烁体的宽度和厚度之比与微透镜的折射率之间的关系。当微透镜的折射率比闪烁体的折射率稍大时，可以获得最大角度积分强度。基于遗传算法的仿真可用于有效设计微透镜阵列的参数，其特定目标是发射角度和总发射强度的组合。