Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human-like capacities and traits to non-human entities. Anthropomorphism is ubiquitous in everyday life and in scientific domains, operating both implicitly and explicitly as a function of the human lens through which we view the world. A rich history of work in psychology, animal behavior, cognitive science, and philosophy has highlighted the negative and, to a lesser degree, the positive implications of anthropomorphism. In this article, we aim to provide a nuanced perspective of how anthropomorphism impacts the work of comparative affective science. Specifically, we discuss three domains of empirical inquiry in which lessons can be drawn about the benefits and pitfalls of anthropomorphism: responses to death, inequity aversion, and prosocial behavior. On balance, we advocate a mindful approach to anthropomorphizing in comparative affective science, and comparative science more generally.

拟人化是将类人的能力和特质归因于非人的实体。拟人化在日常生活和科学领域中无处不在，作为人类视角的隐含和显式运作。在心理学，动物行为，认知科学和哲学方面的丰富工作历史突出了拟人化的消极影响和积极影响。在本文中，我们旨在为拟人化如何影响比较情感科学的工作提供一个细微的视角。具体来说，我们讨论了实证研究的三个领域，在这些领域中可以汲取关于拟人化的好处和陷阱的课程：对死亡的反应，不公平的厌恶和亲社会行为。总的来说，