Abstract An important challenge in hydrology is the quantification of the effect of urbanisation on rainfall-runoff processes. Many existing hydrological models assume a constant percentage runoff from urban areas disconnected from soil moisture which is contrary to evidence from observational studies. The aim of this study is to explore if linking soil moisture and urban runoff generation can improve rainfall-runoff simulations. Two new conceptual representations (models) are introduced to account for hydrological effects of urban land including the introduction of a dynamic link between runoff and soil moisture. The first model uses a constant percentage runoff that will change from catchment to catchment. The second model explicitly links soil moisture and runoff from urban areas. The results show that the model with an explicit link to soil moisture performed 12% better than the fixed percentage model across 28 urban catchments located in the United Kingdom. For peak flows in highly urbanised catchments the linked model performed 17% better than the fixed percentage model.

中文翻译：

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城市地区降雨径流模型中土壤水分的核算

摘要 水文学的一个重要挑战是量化城市化对降雨径流过程的影响。许多现有的水文模型假设来自与土壤水分无关的城市地区的径流百分比恒定，这与观察研究的证据相反。本研究的目的是探索将土壤水分和城市径流产生联系起来是否可以改善降雨径流模拟。引入了两个新的概念表示（模型）来解释城市土地的水文效应，包括引入径流和土壤水分之间的动态联系。第一个模型使用恒定百分比的径流，从流域到流域会发生变化。第二个模型明确地将城市地区的土壤水分和径流联系起来。结果表明，在英国 28 个城市集水区，与土壤湿度有明确联系的模型比固定百分比模型的表现好 12%。对于高度城市化集水区的峰值流量，关联模型的表现比固定百分比模型好 17%。