Abstract Aflatoxins are very dangerous natural toxins that are mainly produced by fungal organisms that are attracted to oil seeds, nuts and spices, where they are causing health and economic problems. Therefore, in this study, 117 samples of tahini (a product made from toasted sesame seeds) were collected from different Egyptian governments from already known brands and, moreover, from local unknown sources. Thus, there was a need to assess the level of contamination of aflatoxins and estimate the risk exposure according to the average daily intake. Results indicated that 67 % were free from aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 21 % exceeded the maximum permitted limit (MPL) and 12 % were below MPL from the total samples, while the national MPL is 2 μg/kg for AFB1. The AFB1 mean concentrations for the samples reached 0.1 ± 0.2 and 13.0 ± 19.3 μg/kg for branded tahini samples and local unlabelled tahini samples respectively. The assessment revealed two different levels of exposure to AFB1 between adults and children and for branded and locally unlabelled made tahini. There was a higher estimated exposure from local unlabelled tahini than branded ranging from 0.001 to 0.1 ng/kg b.w./day for adults and from 0.004 to 0.5 ng/kg b.w./day for children.

中文翻译：

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埃及芝麻酱中黄曲霉毒素的第一份风险评估报告

摘要 黄曲霉毒素是一种非常危险的天然毒素，主要由被油籽、坚果和香料吸引的真菌生物产生，在那里它们会导致健康和经济问题。因此，在这项研究中，117 个芝麻酱（一种由烤芝麻制成的产品）样本是从埃及不同政府、已知品牌和当地未知来源收集的。因此，有必要评估黄曲霉毒素的污染水平，并根据平均每日摄入量估算暴露风险。结果表明，总样品中 67% 不含黄曲霉毒素 B1 (AFB1)，21% 超过最大允许限量 (MPL)，12% 低于 MPL，而 AFB1 的国家 MPL 为 2 μg/kg。样品的 AFB1 平均浓度达到 0.1 ± 0.2 和 13.0 ± 19。品牌芝麻酱样品和当地未标记芝麻酱样品分别为 3 μg/kg。评估显示成人和儿童之间以及品牌和当地未标记的芝麻酱暴露于 AFB1 的两种不同水平。当地未标记芝麻酱的估计暴露量高于品牌芝麻酱，成人为 0.001 至 0.1 纳克/公斤体重/天，儿童为 0.004 至 0.5 纳克/公斤体重/天。