Fino wine is one of the most important Sherry wines and it is obtained through a complex and dynamic biological aging system. In this study, wine and veil of flor samples from fifty-two barrels with different aging levels and distributed in three different wineries from the Jerez-Xèrés-Sherry winemaking area have been analyzed during two years. Some of the wine compounds most deeply involved in flor yeast metabolism were analyzed to take into account the blending effect of this system. On the other hand, veil of flor was analyzed by molecular methods, finding five different species: S. cerevisiae, W. anomalus, P. membranaefaciens, P. kudriavzevii and P. manshurica, being the first time that the three last species have been reported in this biological aging system. Since S. cerevisiae was the vast majority of the isolates, its intraspecies variability was also analyzed by the simultaneous amplification of three microsatellite loci, obtaining nine different S. cerevisiae genotypes, also differentiated according to their physiological properties. Biodiversity analysis showed there were significant differences between the three wineries in the three aging scales, although the overall diversity was relatively low. Moreover, variations in the relative frequency of the different S. cerevisiae genotypes were found to be seasonal-dependent.

Fino葡萄酒是最重要的雪利酒之一，它是通过复杂而动态的生物老化系统获得的。在这项研究中，酒的面纱弗洛尔不同老化水平样本52万桶，分布在从赫雷斯- Xèrés雪利酒酿酒区两年间一直在分析了三种不同的酿酒厂。分析了一些最重要的参与花粉酵母代谢的葡萄酒化合物，以考虑该系统的混合作用。在另一方面，的面纱许通过分子方法进行分析，发现五种不同物种：酿酒酵母，W. anomalus，P. membranaefaciens，库德里阿兹威P.和P. manshurica，这是该生物衰老系统中最后三个物种的首次报道。由于酿酒酵母是绝大多数分离株，因此还通过同时扩增三个微卫星基因座分析了其种内变异性，获得了九种不同的酿酒酵母基因型，并根据它们的生理特性对其进行了区分。生物多样性分析显示，尽管总体多样性相对较低，但三个酿酒厂在三个陈酿规模上存在显着差异。此外，发现不同酿酒酵母基因型相对频率的变化是季节依赖性的。