We develop and characterize a biomaterial formulation and robotic methods tailored for intracorporeal tissue engineering (TE) via direct-write (DW) 3D printing. Intracorporeal TE is defined as the biofabrication of 3D TE scaffolds inside of a living patient, in a minimally invasive manner. A biomaterial for intracorporeal TE requires to be 3D printable and crosslinkable via mechanisms that are safe to native tissues and feasible at physiological temperature (37 °C). The cell-laden biomaterial (bioink) preparation and bioprinting methods must support cell viability. Additionally, the biomaterial and bioprinting method must enable the spatially accurate intracorporeal 3D delivery of the biomaterial, and the biomaterial must adhere to or integrate into the native tissue. Current biomaterial formulations do not meet all the presumed intracorporeal DW TE requirements. We demonstrate that a specific formulation of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/Laponite ® /methylcellulose (GLM)...

中文翻译：

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直接写入3D打印和基于GelMA的生物用于体内组织的生物材料的表征。

我们开发和表征通过直写（DW）3D打印为体内组织工程（TE）量身定制的生物材料配方和机器人方法。体内TE被定义为以微创方式在活着的患者体内生物制造3D TE支架。用于体内TE的生物材料需要通过3D打印和可交联的机制，这种机制对天然组织是安全的，并且在生理温度（37°C）下可行。充满细胞的生物材料（bioink）的制备和生物打印方法必须支持细胞的生存能力。此外，生物材料和生物打印方法必须能够在空间上准确地进行生物材料的3D体内递送，并且生物材料必须粘附或整合到天然组织中。当前的生物材料配方不能满足所有假定的体内DW TE要求。我们证明明胶甲基丙烯酰基（GelMA）/Laponite®/甲基纤维素（GLM）的特定配方...