Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and the fifth cause of cancer death in males. Currently, there are no effective therapies for prostate cancer yet, and the status of treatment remains severe. In this study, we analyzed the composition of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in prostate cancer and paracancerous samples based on the gene expression profiles using CIBERSORT. Calculation of the TIIC subset proportions in 52 paired prostate cancer and paracancerous samples showed that their proportions were similar in intergroup and varied in intragroup. Compared with the paracancerous samples, the proportion of M0 macrophages was significantly increased in prostate cancer samples. Cox regression analysis using the TIIC subpopulations as continuous variables revealed that high plasma cell proportion was associated with poor 3-year Disease-Free Survival (DFS) in prostate cancer (hazard ratios = 1.8e-76, p = 0.001). Moreover, three immune clusters, which presented distinct prognosis, were identified using hierarchical clustering analysis based on the proportions of TIIC subpopulations. Among them, cluster 1 had superior 3-year DFS, while cluster 3 showed inferior 3-year DFS (p = 0.025). In summary, our research provided a comprehensive analysis on the TIIC composition in prostate cancer and suggested that both plasma cells and different cluster patterns were associated with the prostate cancer prognosis, which should be helpful for the clinical surveillance and treatment of prostate cancer.

中文翻译：

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基于基因表达的前列腺癌免疫细胞浸润分析及其与生存结局的关系。

前列腺癌是男性第二大常见癌症，也是导致癌症死亡的第五大原因。目前，尚无针对前列腺癌的有效疗法，并且治疗状况仍然很严峻。在这项研究中，我们基于使用CIBERSORT的基因表达谱分析了前列腺癌和癌旁样品中肿瘤浸润免疫细胞（TIIC）的组成。计算52对配对的前列腺癌和癌旁样本中TIIC子集的比例，发现它们的比例在组间相似，在组内不同。与癌旁样品相比，前列腺癌样品中M0巨噬细胞的比例显着增加。p  = 0.001）。此外，基于TIIC亚群的比例，使用分层聚类分析确定了三个具有不同预后的免疫簇。其中，第1组的3年DFS较高，而第3组的3年DFS较低（p  = 0.025）。总之，我们的研究对前列腺癌的TIIC成分进行了全面的分析，并建议浆细胞和不同的簇型都与前列腺癌的预后相关，这将有助于前列腺癌的临床监测和治疗。