The Hadza foragers of Tanzania are currently experiencing a nutritional shift that includes the intensification of domesticated cultigens in the diet. Despite these changes, no study, to date, has examined the possible effects of this transition on the food collection behavior of young foragers. Here we present a cross-sectional study on foraging behavior taken from two time points, 2005 and 2017. We compare the number of days foraged and the type and amount of food collected for young foragers, aged 5–14 years, in age- and season-matched samples. Compared with 2005, in 2017 fewer subadults left camp to forage, and overall, they targeted a smaller variety of wild foods, with the noticeable absence of wild honey, figs, and tubers. In addition, participants in 2017 were significantly more likely to have attended school. Despite the increased presence of domesticated plant foods in the diet and increased attendance at school, some young foragers continue to be highly productive in collecting wild, undomesticated foods. Despite the preliminary nature of our results, our findings suggest that the range of wild foods targeted by subadults is decreasing as the amount of domesticated cultigens in the diet increases. These data underscore the importance of studying diet composition and foraging decisions across temporal, nutritional, and ecological landscapes.

中文翻译：

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过渡到混合生存经济的早期过渡期间，坦桑尼亚哈扎（Hadza）地区青少年觅食行为的变化。

坦桑尼亚的哈扎（Hadza）觅食者目前正在经历营养转变，其中包括饮食中驯化栽培种的集约化。尽管有这些变化，但迄今为止，尚无研究检查这种过渡对年轻觅食者食物收集行为的可能影响。在这里，我们从2005年和2017年这两个时间点进行了关于觅食行为的横断面研究。我们比较了觅食天数以及年龄在5-14岁之间的5-14岁年轻觅食者的食物类型和收集的食物种类和数量。季节匹配的样本。与2005年相比，2017年留下了觅食营地的亚成体较少，总的来说，他们针对的野生食品种类较少，并且明显缺乏野生蜂蜜，无花果和块茎。此外，2017年的参与者上学的可能性明显更高。尽管饮食中增加了家养植物性食品的含量，并增加了上学的机会，但一些年轻的觅食者仍在收集野生，未驯化的食物方面继续保持高产。尽管我们的结果具有初步性质，但我们的研究结果表明，随着饮食中驯化栽培种数量的增加，亚成体所针对的野生食品范围正在减少。这些数据强调了研究饮食成分和在时间，营养和生态环境中觅食决策的重要性。我们的研究结果表明，随着饮食中驯养品种数量的增加，亚成体所针对的野生食品的范围也在减少。这些数据强调了研究饮食成分和在时间，营养和生态环境中觅食决策的重要性。我们的研究结果表明，随着饮食中驯养品种数量的增加，亚成体所针对的野生食品的范围也在减少。这些数据强调了研究饮食成分和在时间，营养和生态环境中觅食决策的重要性。