Between January 2016 and June 2019, there were over 13,900 apparent opioid-related deaths in Canada, solidifying the need for appropriate and effective services for people who use drugs (PWUD). Within government initiatives and policies, PWUD are often inappropriately considered a homogeneous group of individuals, with implementation of services nationally often being guided by these governmental bodies without meaningful consultation and collaboration with PWUD. However, recent harm reduction research and best practice guidelines have emphasized the importance of tailoring services to local drug scenes. Despite this, very little research on the cultural norms of PWUD exists in the literature. In an attempt to explore the local culture of drug use in Ottawa, a literature review ultimately uncovered very few articles on this topic. However, by expanding the search beyond Ottawa and using a social determinants of health framework, the factors of culture, income and social status, physical environment, and access to services were revealed as unique experiences for PWUD. Further, through four in-depth interviews with current harm reduction providers in Ottawa, the themes of (1) uncertainty and concerns surrounding the overdose crisis; (2) lack of flexibility in resources and access issues; and (3) diversity in the culture of drug use in Ottawa were explored. Recommendations surrounding partnering with PWUD, policy changes, and a safer supply were subsequently discussed. These findings helped to validate the reality of the unique drug-use culture in Ottawa, and the requirement for harm reduction services to be adapted to the local needs of PWUD.

中文翻译：

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渥太华减少危害服务：吸毒文化。

2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 6 月期间，加拿大有超过 13,900 例与阿片类药物相关的明显死亡，这巩固了对吸毒者 (PWUD) 适当和有效服务的需求。在政府举措和政策中，PWUD 通常被不恰当地视为一个同质的个人群体，在全国范围内实施服务往往由这些政府机构指导，而没有与 PWUD 进行有意义的协商和合作。然而，最近的减少危害研究和最佳实践指南强调了针对当地毒品场景定制服务的重要性。尽管如此，文献中很少有关于 PWUD 文化规范的研究。为了探索渥太华当地的吸毒文化，文献综述最终发现关于这个主题的文章很少。然而，通过将搜索范围扩大到渥太华以外并使用健康框架的社会决定因素，文化、收入和社会地位、物理环境和获得服务的因素被揭示为 PWUD 的独特体验。此外，通过对渥太华当前减少危害提供者的四次深入访谈，主题是（1）围绕过量危机的不确定性和担忧；(2) 在资源和访问问题上缺乏灵活性；(3) 探索了渥太华吸毒文化的多样性。随后讨论了围绕与 PWUD 合作、政策变化和更安全供应的建议。这些发现有助于验证渥太华独特的吸毒文化的现实，以及适应 PWUD 当地需求的减少危害服务的要求。