Biological psychiatry scholarship on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is making strides with new omics technologies. In this context, there is growing recognition that noncoding RNAs are vital for the regulation of gene and protein expression. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can modulate splicing, influence RNA editing, messenger RNA (mRNA) stability, translation activation, and microRNA–mRNA interactions, are highly abundant in the brain, and have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. The largest subclass of lncRNAs is long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs). We report on lincRNAs and their predicted mRNA targets associated with fear extinction induced by co-administration of D-cycloserine and behavioral fear extinction in a PTSD animal model. Forty-three differentially expressed lincRNAs and 190 differentially expressed mRNAs were found to be associated with fear extinction. Eight lincRNAs were predicted to interact with and regulate 108 of these mRNAs, while seven lincRNAs were predicted to interact with 22 of their pre-mRNA transcripts. Based on the functions of their target mRNAs, we inferred that these lincRNAs bind to nucleotides, ribonucleotides, and proteins; subsequently influence nervous system development, morphology, and immune system functioning; and could be associated with nervous system and mental health disorders. We found the quantitative trait loci that overlapped with fear extinction-related lincRNAs included traits such as serum corticosterone level, neuroinflammation, anxiety, stress, and despair-related responses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify lincRNAs and their RNA targets with a putative role in transcriptional regulation during fear extinction in the context of an animal model of PTSD.

中文翻译：

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在生物精神病学中研究转录组暗物质：在创伤后应激障碍中D-环丝氨酸诱导的恐惧消光中长非编码RNA的作用。

创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的生物精神病学奖学金正在利用新的组学技术取得长足进步。在这种情况下，人们越来越认识到，非编码RNA对于调节基因和蛋白质表达至关重要。较长的非编码RNA（lncRNA）可以调节剪接，影响RNA编辑，信使RNA（mRNA）稳定性，翻译激活以及microRNA-mRNA相互作用，在大脑中高度丰富，并且与神经发育障碍有关。lncRNA的最大亚类是长基因间非编码RNA（lincRNA）。我们报告了与PTSD动物模型中D-环丝氨酸的共同给药和行为恐惧的消除相关的与恐惧消除相关的lincRNA及其预测的mRNA靶点。发现43个差异表达的lincRNA和190个差异表达的mRNA与恐惧的消失有关。预计有8个lincRNA与这些mRNA相互作用并调节108个，而有7个lincRNA与它们的22个前mRNA转录物相互作用。根据其靶标mRNA的功能，我们推断这些lincRNA与核苷酸，核糖核苷酸和蛋白质结合。随后影响神经系统发育，形态和免疫系统功能；并可能与神经系统和心理健康障碍有关。我们发现与恐惧消光相关的lincRNA重叠的数量性状基因位点包括诸如血清皮质酮水平，神经炎症，焦虑，压力和与绝望相关的反应等特征。据我们所知，