Filamentous fungi play an important role in the production of a range of useful extracellular hydrolytic enzymes for wide industrial applications. The Western Ghats region is known for its rich microbial biodiversity and could be a potential source of several useful fungi that could be exploited for the production of industrially important enzymes. From this soil, we aimed at the isolation of multienzyme producing fungi, optimization of the culture conditions using solid-state fermentation (SSF), partial purification of enzymes and characterization by zymography. Out of seven fungal strains, two isolates, namely Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus clavatus, were found to produce amylase and cellulase enzymes maximally. The effect of different physicochemical parameters on the production of amylase and cellulase was investigated and the maximum production of multienzymes was achieved in wheat bran substrate. The newly formulated and optimized medium increased the multienzyme production in P. citrinum and A. clavatus as compared to medium with individually optimized parameters. Further, for the first time, different isoforms of amylase and cellulase have been identified from P. citrinum and A. clavatus by zymography. In summary, the present study showed that the filamentous fungi can utilize the industrial waste product such as wheat bran as the substrate for multienzymes production by SSF and could be a promising source of enzymes for biotechnological applications.

中文翻译：

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优化的固态发酵培养基提高了柑橘青霉和棒曲霉的多酶生产

丝状真菌在广泛工业应用的一系列有用的细胞外水解酶的生产中发挥着重要作用。西高止山脉地区以其丰富的微生物多样性而闻名，可能是几种有用真菌的潜在来源，可用于生产具有重要工业意义的酶。从这种土壤中，我们的目标是分离多酶产生真菌、使用固态发酵 (SSF) 优化培养条件、酶的部分纯化和酶谱表征。在七种真菌菌株中，发现两种分离物，即柑橘青霉和棒曲霉，最大程度地产生淀粉酶和纤维素酶。研究了不同理化参数对淀粉酶和纤维素酶产量的影响，并在麦麸底物中实现了多酶的最大产量。与具有单独优化参数的培养基相比，新配制和优化的培养基增加了柑橘属植物和棒状葡萄球菌的多酶产量。此外，首次通过酶谱法从柑橘假单胞菌和棒状假单胞菌中鉴定了不同的淀粉酶和纤维素酶同工型。总之，本研究表明，丝状真菌可以利用麦麸等工业废物作为 SSF 生产多酶的底物，并且可能是生物技术应用中很有前景的酶来源。与具有单独优化参数的培养基相比，新配制和优化的培养基增加了柑橘属植物和棒状葡萄球菌的多酶产量。此外，首次通过酶谱从 P. citrinum 和 A. clavatus 中鉴定了不同的淀粉酶和纤维素酶同工型。总之，本研究表明，丝状真菌可以利用麦麸等工业废物作为 SSF 生产多酶的底物，并且可能是生物技术应用中很有前景的酶来源。与具有单独优化参数的培养基相比，新配制和优化的培养基增加了柑橘属植物和棒状葡萄球菌的多酶产量。此外，首次通过酶谱法从柑橘假单胞菌和棒状假单胞菌中鉴定了不同的淀粉酶和纤维素酶同工型。总之，本研究表明，丝状真菌可以利用麦麸等工业废物作为 SSF 生产多酶的底物，并且可能是生物技术应用中很有前景的酶来源。