BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental health condition that is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities and changes in quality of life. Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is considered the gold standard psychological treatment for PTSD, but treatment resistance and relapse rates are high. Trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT) is an effective treatment for depression and social anxiety disorder, and its structure seems particularly promising for PTSD. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of TBCT compared to PE in patients with PTSD.MethodsNinety-five patients (77.6% females) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, criteria for PTSD were randomly assigned to receive either TBCT (n = 44) or PE (n = 51). Patients were evaluated before and after treatment, and at follow-up 3 months after treatment. The primary outcome was improvement in PTSD symptoms as assessed by the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS). Secondary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and dysfunctional attitudes assessed by the Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, as well as the dropout rate.ResultsA significant reduction in DTS scores was observed in both arms, but no significant difference between treatments. Regarding the secondary outcomes, we found significant differences in depressive symptoms in favor of TBCT, and the dropout rate was lower in the TBCT group than the PE group.ConclusionOur preliminary results suggest that TBCT may be an effective alternative for treating PTSD. Further research is needed to better understand its role and the mechanisms of change in the treatment of this disorder.

中文翻译：

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一项随机临床试验，以评估基于试验的认知疗法与长期暴露对创伤后应激障碍的疗效：初步发现

背景创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种普遍的心理健康状况，通常与精神疾病和生活质量的变化有关。长期暴露疗法 (PE) 被认为是 PTSD 的金标准心理治疗，但治疗抵抗和复发率很高。基于试验的认知疗法 (TBCT) 是治疗抑郁症和社交焦虑症的有效方法，其结构似乎对 PTSD 尤其有希望。因此，我们评估了 TBCT 与 PE 在 PTSD 患者中的疗效。方法 95 名符合《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》第四版文本修订标准的 PTSD 患者（77.6% 女性）被随机分配接受任一TBCT (n = 44) 或 PE (n = 51)。在治疗前后对患者进行评估，治疗后3个月随访。主要结果是通过戴维森创伤量表 (DTS) 评估的 PTSD 症状的改善。次要结果是通过贝克抑郁/焦虑量表和功能障碍量表评估的抑郁、焦虑和功能失调的态度，以及辍学率。结果在两组中观察到 DTS 评分显着降低，但治疗之间没有显着差异。关于次要结局，我们发现有利于 TBCT 的抑郁症状存在显着差异，并且 TBCT 组的辍学率低于 PE 组。结论我们的初步结果表明 TBCT 可能是治疗 PTSD 的有效替代方法。需要进一步研究以更好地了解其在这种疾病治疗中的作用和变化机制。