The saccade is a stereotypic behavior whose investigation improves our understanding of how primate brains implement precise motor control. Furthermore, saccades offer an important window into the cognitive and attentional state of the brain. Historically, saccade studies have largely relied on macaque. However, the cortical network giving rise to the saccadic command is difficult to study in macaque because relevant cortical areas lie in sulci and are difficult to access. Recently, a New World monkey − the marmoset − has garnered attention as an attractive alternative to macaque because of its smooth cortical surface, its smaller body, and its amenability to transgenic technology. However, adoption of marmoset for oculomotor research has been limited due to a lack of in-depth descriptions of marmoset saccade kinematics and their ability to perform psychophysical and cognitive tasks. Here, we directly compare free-viewing and visually-guided behavior of marmoset, macaque, and human engaged in identical tasks under similar conditions. In video free-viewing task, all species exhibited qualitatively similar saccade kinematics including saccade main sequence up to 25° in amplitude. Furthermore, the conventional bottom-up saliency model predicted gaze targets at similar rates for all species. We further verified their visually-guided behavior by training them with step and gap saccade tasks. All species showed similar gap effect and express saccades in the gap paradigm. Our results suggest that the three species have similar natural and task-guided visuomotor behavior. The marmoset can be trained on saccadic tasks and thus can serve as a model for oculomotor, attention, and cognitive research.

中文翻译：

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mar猴，猕猴和人类的视觉引导眼跳行为和自下而上注意的共同属性

扫视是一种刻板印象的行为，其研究提高了我们对灵长类动物大脑如何实现精确运动控制的理解。此外，扫视提供了进入大脑认知和注意力状态的重要窗口。从历史上看，扫视研究主要依靠猕猴。然而，由于相关的皮质区域位于沟内并且难以进入，因此难以在猕猴中研究引起跳动命令的皮质网络。最近，新世界猴（the猴）因其光滑的皮质表面，较小的身体以及对转基因技术的适应性而吸引了人们的注意力，使其成为猕猴的一种有吸引力的替代物。然而，由于缺乏对mar猴扫视运动学及其执行心理，生理和认知任务的能力的深入描述，of猴在动眼研究中的采用受到限制。在这里，我们直接比较了similar猴，猕猴和人类在相似条件下从事相同任务的自由观看和视觉引导行为。在视频自由观看任务中，所有物种都表现出定性相似的扫视运动学，包括幅度达25°的扫视主序列。此外，传统的自下而上的显着性模型对所有物种以相似的速率预测凝视目标。我们通过训练步阶和间隙扫视任务进一步验证了他们的视觉引导行为。所有物种都表现出相似的缺口效应，并在缺口范式中表达扫视。我们的结果表明，这三个物种具有相似的自然和任务指导的视觉运动行为。mar猴可以接受有眼力的任务训练，因此可以作为动眼，注意力和认知研究的模型。