Harvesting corn (Zea mays L.) stover for production of biofuels, industrial sugars, bioproducts, and livestock bedding is increasing rapidly, but little is known of the impacts of stover removal on soil-borne greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study evaluated the impacts of removing surface corn stover (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 wt. % removal) on carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from a sandy loam soil cropped to monoculture corn using conventional moldboard plow tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT). Stover removal systematically decreased CO₂ emissions from CT, whereas stover removal had little effect on CO₂ emissions from NT. In particular, the CT 0% stover removal treatment produced 47% greater CO₂ emissions (5.75 Mg CO₂–C ha⁻¹) than the CT 100% removal (3.91 Mg CO₂–C ha⁻¹) treatment. Stover removal increased N₂O emissions from both tillage treatments, producing up to a 75% increase under CT (2.79 kg N ha⁻¹ at 0% removal; 4.87 kg N ha⁻¹ at 100% removal) and up to a 95% increase under NT (1.75 kg N ha⁻¹ at 0% removal; 3.41 kg N ha⁻¹ at 100% removal). Cumulative nitrate exposure increased in comparable patterns to N₂O emissions when stover residues were removed. There was a trade-off in GHG emissions resulting from stover removal under CT, whereby increasing stover removal reduced CO₂ emissions but increased N₂O emissions. In contrast, stover removal did not affect CO₂ emissions under NT but it increased N₂O emissions especially at the 100% removal rates.

中文翻译：

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玉米秸秆清除对二氧化碳和一氧化二氮排放的影响

用于生产生物燃料、工业糖、生物产品和牲畜垫料的玉米 ( Zea mays L.) 秸秆收获正在迅速增加，但人们对秸秆去除对土壤中温室气体 (GHG) 排放的影响知之甚少。本研究评估了去除表层玉米秸秆（去除 0、25、50、75、100 重量%）对种植单一玉米的砂壤土中二氧化碳 (CO ₂ ) 和一氧化二氮 (N ₂ O) 排放的影响使用传统的犁板犁耕 (CT) 和免耕 (NT)。秸秆去除系统地减少了 CT 的CO ₂排放，而秸秆去除对 CO ₂几乎没有影响来自 NT 的排放。特别是，CT 0% 秸秆去除处理产生的 CO ₂排放量（5.75 Mg CO ₂ –C ha ^-1）比 CT 100% 去除（3.91 Mg CO ₂ –C ha ^-1）处理多47% 。秸秆去除增加了两种耕作处理的N ₂ O 排放，在 CT 下产生高达 75% 的增加（去除 0% 时为2.79 kg N ha ^-1；去除 100% 时为4.87 kg N ha ^-1）和高达 95%在 NT 下增加（1.75 kg N ha ^-1在 0% 去除时；3.41 kg N ha ^-1在 100% 去除时）。累积硝酸盐暴露以与 N ₂相当的模式增加去除秸秆残留物时的 O 排放。在 CT 下清除秸秆导致的温室气体排放存在权衡，即增加秸秆清除减少了 CO ₂排放，但增加了 N ₂ O 排放。相比之下，秸秆去除不影响NT 下的CO ₂排放，但它增加了 N ₂ O 排放，尤其是在 100% 去除率下。