Field measurements are an essential part of nearly all construction projects. Field monitoring is the repeated measurement of a particular parameter over a period of time and is used to evaluate designs, assess the effectiveness of construction methods, control construction progress to avoid unwanted damage, provide warnings of unacceptable performance and prevent failures. Field monitoring is also an effective way of maintaining existing geotechnical assets such as embankments and slopes. When it is done well field monitoring improves stakeholder confidence. This paper discusses the methods used to measure deformations in ground and geotechnical assets (e.g. slopes and retaining structures). It covers nomenclature of the instruments used to measure deformation, the measurement errors associated with them and the techniques used to obtain high quality measurements.

现场测量是几乎所有建设项目的重要组成部分。现场监视是在一段时间内重复测量特定参数的过程，用于评估设计，评估施工方法的有效性，控制施工进度以避免不必要的损坏，提供不可接受的性能警告并防止故障。现场监测也是维护现有岩土资产（例如路堤和斜坡）的有效方法。完成后，现场监控将提高利益相关者的信心。本文讨论了用于测量地面和岩土资产（例如斜坡和挡土墙）变形的方法。它涵盖了用于测量变形的仪器的名称，