Sporadic colorectal cancer (sCRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the Western world. Approximately, a quarter of sCRC patients present metastatic dissemination at the moment of diagnosis, the liver being the most frequently affected organ. Additionally, this group of CRC patients is characterized by a worse prognosis. In the last decades, significant technological developments for genome analysis have fostered the identification and characterization of genetic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of sCRC. However, genetic alterations involved in the metastatic process through which tumor cells are able to colonize other tissues with a different microenvironment, still remain to be fully identified. Here, we review current knowledge about the most relevant genomic alterations involved in the liver metastatic process of sCRC, including detailed information about the genetic profile of primary colorectal tumors vs. their paired liver metastases.

散发性结直肠癌 (sCRC) 是西方世界癌症死亡的第三大原因。大约四分之一的 sCRC 患者在诊断时出现转移性播散，肝脏是最常受影响的器官。此外，这组 CRC 患者的特点是预后较差。在过去的几十年中，基因组分析的重大技术发展促进了对与 sCRC 发病机制相关的基因改变的识别和表征。然而，肿瘤细胞能够通过不同的微环境定植其他组织的转移过程中涉及的遗传改变仍有待完全确定。在这里，我们回顾了目前关于 sCRC 肝转移过程中最相关的基因组改变的知识，与他们配对的肝转移瘤相比。