Abstract Backlash plays a significant role in gear design and geared dynamics analysis. This study aims to establish a model of the time-varying backlash for a standard involute spur gear pair. The elastic deformations, thermal deformations and film thickness deformation at the meshing point are considered in this model. Asperity and fluid loads are included in film thickness. A time-varying backlash model with contact ratio is developed according to the force analysis at the meshing point. The contributions and effects of the various deformations on the backlash are analyzed. The effects of rotation speed, torque load and tooth surface temperature on the time-varying backlash are studied. Results show that the influence of various parameters on the backlash cannot be ignored. The time-varying backlash is less affected by elastic deformation and oil film thickness deformation, and is greatly affected by the thermal deformation. The time-varying backlash increases with the increase of torque load and the decreases of rotation speed and tooth surface temperature. Tooth surface temperature is validated experimentally due to its importance in the established model.

中文翻译：

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渐开线直齿轮副时变齿隙的计算

摘要 齿隙在齿​​轮设计和齿轮动力学分析中起着重要作用。本研究旨在建立标准渐开线直齿轮副的时变齿隙模型。该模型考虑了啮合点处的弹性变形、热变形和膜厚变形。粗糙和流体载荷包括在膜厚度中。根据啮合点的受力分析，建立了具有接触比的时变齿隙模型。分析了各种变形对侧隙的贡献和影响。研究了转速、扭矩载荷和齿面温度对时变齿隙的影响。结果表明，各种参数对齿隙的影响不可忽视。时变齿隙受弹性变形和油膜厚度变形影响较小，受热变形影响较大。时变齿隙随着转矩载荷的增加、转速和齿面温度的降低而增加。由于牙齿表面温度在建立的模型中的重要性，因此通过实验验证了它。