OBJECTIVE Tests of rapid automatized naming (RAN) have been used for decades to evaluate neurological conditions. RAN tests require extensive brain pathways involving visual perception, memory, eye movements and language. To the extent that different naming tasks capture varied visual pathways and related networks, we developed the Staggered Uneven Number (SUN) test of rapid number naming to complement existing RAN tests, such as the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES). The purpose of this investigation was to determine values for time scores for SUN, and to compare test characteristics between SUN and MULES. METHODS We administered the SUN and MULES tests to healthy adult volunteers in a research office setting. MULES consists of 54 color photographs; the SUN includes 145 single- and multi-digit numbers. Participants are asked to name each number or picture aloud. RESULTS Among 54 healthy participants, aged 33 ± 13 years (range 20-66), the average SUN time score was 45.2 ± 8.3 s (range 30-66). MULES test times were 37.4 ± 9.9 s (range 20-68). SUN and MULES time scores did not differ by gender, but were greater (worse) among older participants for MULES (rs = 0.43, P = .001). Learning effects between first and second trials were greater for the MULES; participants improved (reduced) their time scores between trials by 5% on SUN and 16% for MULES (P < .0001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). CONCLUSION The SUN is a new vision-based test that complements presently available picture- and number-based RAN tests. These assessments may require different brain pathways and networks for visual processing, visual memory, language and eye movements.

中文翻译：

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SUN 视力测试：对健康志愿者的调查以及与移动通用词典评估系统 (MULES) 的比较

目的 几十年来，快速自动命名 (RAN) 测试已被用于评估神经系统状况。RAN 测试需要广泛的大脑通路，包括视觉感知、记忆、眼球运动和语言。鉴于不同的命名任务捕获不同的视觉路径和相关网络，我们开发了快速数字命名的交错不均匀数 (SUN) 测试，以补充现有的 RAN 测试，例如移动通用词典评估系统 (MULES)。本次调查的目的是确定 SUN 的时间分数值，并比较 SUN 和 MULES 之间的测试特性。方法 我们在研究办公室环境中对健康的成年志愿者进行了 SUN 和 MULES 测试。MULES 由 54 张彩色照片组成；SUN 包括 145 个单位数和多位数。要求参与者大声说出每个数字或图片。结果 在 54 名年龄 33 ± 13 岁（范围 20-66）的健康参与者中，平均 SUN 时间得分为 45.2 ± 8.3 秒（范围 30-66）。MULES 测试时间为 37.4 ± 9.9 秒（范围 20-68）。SUN 和 MULES 时间得分没有因性别而异，但在 MULES 的老年参与者中更高（更差）（rs = 0.43，P = .001）。MULES 在第一次和第二次试验之间的学习效果更大；参与者在 SUN 上的试验之间的时间分数提高（减少）了 5%，在 MULES 上提高了 16%（P < .0001，Wilcoxon 符号秩检验）。结论 SUN 是一种新的基于视觉的测试，补充了目前可用的基于图片和数字的 RAN 测试。这些评估可能需要不同的大脑通路和网络来进行视觉处理、视觉记忆、语言和眼球运动。