Increasing adoption of 3D printing in the daily life and, specifically, the food field (kitchen tools and food contact containers) is associated with potential health risks when printed tools are made by specialized centers and designed for disabled patients, who cannot re-print them with the necessary periodicity. The characteristic pattern of 3D printing promotes bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. In this work acrylic acid (AcAc) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) coatings applied by plasma-polymerization have been developed to reduce biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes on 3D printed PLA materials. Chemical (generation of a hydration layer) and morphological (a decrease in distance between peaks) modifications provoked by plasma-polymerized treatments could explain the reduction in bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. AcAc coatings were more effective than TEOS coatings, and showed up to a 47.7% (L. monocytogenes), 50.4% (P. aeruginosa) and 64.1% (E. coli) relative biofilm production, when compared with untreated samples.

Industrial relevance text

Nowadays, products manufactured by 3D printing technologies are constantly growing; resulting in a greater flexibility and customization in the designs and a reduction of production costs. One of the main applications of 3D printed tools is the food industry, specifically, kitchen tools and containers for disabled people. There are great difficulties when it comes to disinfecting these types of parts. So, the health risks associated with the use of 3D printed tools for food contact applications should be attended. Our study demonstrated that acrylic acid plasma coatings are suitable for decreasing the amount of biofilm generated by different bacteria over 3D printed poly-lactic acid (PLA) substrates. Plasma coatings make it possible to address food-related health issues through the generation of safe tools manufactured by 3D printing. The mitigation of those issues will allow the food industry to safely employ a technology as versatile as 3D printing.

中文翻译：

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用于3D打印食品工具的大气压冷等离子体抗生物膜涂层

3D打印在日常生活中，尤其是在食品领域（厨房工具和食品接触容器），越来越多地采用，这是由专门中心为无法重新打印的残障患者设计的打印工具潜在的健康风险具有必要的周期性。3D打印的特征模式可促进细菌粘附和生物膜形成。在这项工作中，已经开发了通过等离子聚合施加的丙烯酸（AcAc）和原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）涂层，以减少铜绿假单胞菌，大肠杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的生物膜形成。在3D打印的PLA材料上。等离子体聚合处理引起的化学变化（水合层的生成）和形态变化（峰之间距离的减小）可以解释细菌附着和生物膜形成的减少。AcAc涂层比TEOS涂层更有效，与未经处理的样品相比，相对生物膜产生率最高可达47.7％（单核细胞增生李斯特菌），50.4％（铜绿假单胞菌）和64.1％（大肠杆菌）。

行业相关文字

如今，通过3D打印技术制造的产品正在不断增长。从而提高了设计的灵活性和定制性，并降低了生产成本。3D打印工具的主要应用之一是食品工业，特别是厨房工具和残疾人专用容器。在消毒这些类型的零件时遇到很大的困难。因此，应注意与3D打印工具用于食品接触应用程序相关的健康风险。我们的研究表明，丙烯酸等离子涂料适用于减少3D打印的聚乳酸（PLA）基材上不同细菌产生的生物膜数量。等离子涂层通过生成3D打印制造的安全工具，可以解决与食品有关的健康问题。