Abstract Among the various types of heterogeneous catalysts, supported metal nanocatalysts (SMNCs) have attracted widespread interest in chemistry and materials science, due to their advantageous features, such as high efficiency, stability, and reusability for catalytic reactions. However, to obtain well-defined SMNCs and inhibit nanoparticle aggregation, traditional approaches generally involve numerous organic reagents, complex steps, and specialized equipment, thus hindering the practical and large-scale synthesis of SMNCs. In this review, we summarize green and sustainable synthetic methodologies for the assembly of SMNCs, including low temperature pyrolysis and solid-state, surfactant- and reductant-free, and ionic liquid assisted syntheses. The conventional application of SMNCs for electrochemical hydrogen evolution and the corresponding achievements are subsequently discussed. Finally, future perspectives toward the sustainable production of SMNCs are presented.

中文翻译：

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用于电化学析氢的负载金属纳米催化剂的可持续合成

摘要 在各类多相催化剂中，负载型金属纳米催化剂（SMNCs）因其催化反应效率高、稳定性好、可重复使用等优点，在化学和材料科学领域引起了广泛关注。然而，为了获得明确定义的 SMNCs 并抑制纳米颗粒聚集，传统方法通常涉及众多有机试剂、复杂步骤和专门设备，从而阻碍了 SMNCs 的实用和大规模合成。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 SMNC 组装的绿色和可持续合成方法，包括低温热解和固态、无表面活性剂和还原剂以及离子液体辅助合成。随后讨论了 SMNCs 在电化学析氢中的常规应用和相应的成果。最后，提出了 SMNC 可持续生产的未来前景。