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Translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) ligands activate Nrf2 signaling and attenuate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.114
Khalid Rashid 1 , Mathilde Verhoyen 2 , Moyinoluwa Taiwo 1 , Thomas Langmann 3
Affiliation  

Degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a hallmark of atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Microglia mediated inflammatory responses and oxidative stress are critical pathophysiological processes in the onset and progression of RPE degeneration. Given the central role of the RPE, strategies to protect these cells from damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation present a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate AMD. Ligands for the translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) have been shown to confer protection against retinal inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration by acting primarily through retinal glia. However, despite RPE cells demonstrating strong TSPO expression, it remains unclear whether TSPO ligands could also inhibit inflammatory responses of RPE cells. Here, we investigated the influence of three different TSPO ligands XBD173, PK11195 and Ro5-4864 on inflammatory responses in human ARPE-19 cells triggered by supernatants from reactive human microglial cells and the lysosomal destabilizer, LLOMe. Our findings revealed that TSPO ligands significantly inhibited proinflammatory gene expression, inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation, lipid accumulation and intracellular ROS levels in stressed ARPE-19 cells. Notably, TSPO ligands induced activation of Nrf2 pathway and its downstream regulated genes in ARPE-19 cells, with Hmox-1 being the most strongly upregulated gene. Collectively, our study indicates that TSPO ligands can enhance the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway in RPE cells and protect them from cellular damage resulting from inflammation and oxidative stress.



中文翻译:

转运蛋白(18 kDa)(TSPO)配体激活Nrf2信号传导并减弱人视网膜色素上皮细胞的炎症反应和氧化应激。

视网膜色素上皮(RPE)变性是萎缩性年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)的标志。小胶质细胞介导的炎症反应和氧化应激是RPE变性发作和进展中的关键病理生理过程。鉴于RPE的核心作用,保护这些细胞免受氧化应激和炎症引起的损害的策略提出了缓解AMD的有前途的治疗方法。易位蛋白(18 kDa)(TSPO)的配体已显示主要通过视网膜胶质细胞起作用,从而针对视网膜炎症反应和神经变性提供保护。然而,尽管RPE细胞表现出较强的TSPO表达,但尚不清楚TSPO配体是否也可以抑制RPE细胞的炎症反应。这里,我们研究了三种不同的TSPO配体XBD173,PK11195和Ro5-4864对反应性人小胶质细胞和溶酶体去稳定剂LLOMe上清液触发的人ARPE-19细胞炎症反应的影响。我们的发现表明,TSPO配体可显着抑制应激性A​​RPE-19细胞中的促炎基因表达,炎性体介导的caspase-1活化,脂质蓄积和细胞内ROS水平。值得注意的是,TSPO配体在ARPE-19细胞中诱导了Nrf2途径及其下游调控基因的激活,其中Hmox-1是最强烈的上调基因。总体而言,我们的研究表明TSPO配体可以增强RPE细胞中的Nrf2抗氧化剂途径,并保护它们免受炎症和氧化应激导致的细胞损伤。PK11195和Ro5-4864对反应性人小胶质细胞和溶酶体去稳定剂LLOMe上清液触发的人ARPE-19细胞中炎症反应的影响。我们的发现表明,TSPO配体可显着抑制应激性A​​RPE-19细胞中的促炎基因表达,炎性体介导的caspase-1活化,脂质蓄积和细胞内ROS水平。值得注意的是,TSPO配体在ARPE-19细胞中诱导了Nrf2途径及其下游调控基因的激活,其中Hmox-1是最强烈的上调基因。总体而言,我们的研究表明TSPO配体可以增强RPE细胞中的Nrf2抗氧化剂途径,并保护它们免受炎症和氧化应激导致的细胞损伤。PK11195和Ro5-4864对反应性人小胶质细胞和溶酶体去稳定剂LLOMe上清液触发的人ARPE-19细胞中炎症反应的影响。我们的发现表明,TSPO配体可显着抑制应激性A​​RPE-19细胞中的促炎基因表达,炎性体介导的caspase-1活化,脂质蓄积和细胞内ROS水平。值得注意的是,TSPO配体在ARPE-19细胞中诱导了Nrf2途径及其下游调控基因的激活,其中Hmox-1是最强烈的上调基因。总体而言,我们的研究表明TSPO配体可以增强RPE细胞中的Nrf2抗氧化剂途径,并保护它们免受炎症和氧化应激导致的细胞损伤。

更新日期:2020-05-29
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