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Anemonefish aggressiveness affects the presence of Dascyllus trimaculatus co-existing with host anemones
Marine Biology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s00227-020-03696-9
Kina Hayashi , Katsunori Tachihara , James Davis Reimer

One of the most well-known symbiosis of coral reefs is the relationship between host anemones and anemonefish. Host anemones are used not only by anemonefish but also by other species such as the immature phase of the three spot damsel (Dascyllus trimaculatus). Anemonefish can be a superior competitor to D. trimaculatus, which shares host anemones as shelter resources. Interspecific competition for shelter resources is considered to be an important factor affecting community structure in coral reef fish. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting host anemone utilization of D. trimaculatus around Okinawajima Island. Among 296 colonies, D. trimaculatus inhabited 52 (= 17.6%) host anemones. Decision tree analyses (CHAID) using five independent variables (species of host anemone and anemonefish, presence/absence of adult anemonefish, numbers of immature anemonefish, and size of host anemone) revealed that D. trimaculatus rarely occupied the anemones Entacmaea quadricolor and Stichodactyla haddoni, and seldom cohabited with Amphiprion frenatus and A. polymnus. We experimentally presented a clay model of D. trimaculatus to colonies of six species of anemonefish and compared the duration of aggressive behavior. The aggressive behaviors of A. frenatus and A. polymnus were significantly longer and more intense than that of the other four species. Our findings demonstrate that species composition in anemone symbioses may be affected by coexisting anemonefish as aggressive behavior toward intruders differs among species.

中文翻译:

海葵鱼的攻击性影响三斑海葵与寄主海葵共存的存在

珊瑚礁最著名的共生关系之一是寄主海葵和海葵鱼之间的关系。寄主海葵不仅被海葵鱼使用,也被其他物种使用,例如三斑海葵(Dascyllus trimaculatus)的未成熟阶段。Anemonefish 可以成为 D. trimaculatus 的优秀竞争者,后者共享寄主海葵作为庇护所资源。种间对庇护资源的竞争被认为是影响珊瑚礁鱼类群落结构的重要因素。在这项研究中,我们调查了影响冲绳岛周围 D. trimaculatus 寄主海葵利用的因素。在 296 个群落中,D. trimaculatus 栖息着 52 (= 17.6%) 寄主海葵。决策树分析 (CHAID) 使用五个自变量(寄主海葵和海葵鱼的种类、成年海葵鱼的存在/不存在、未成熟海葵鱼的数量和寄主海葵的大小)表明,三斑海葵很少占据海葵 Entacmaea quadricolor 和 Stichodactyla haddoni,很少与 Amphiprion frenatus 和 A. polymnus 同居。我们通过实验向六种海葵鱼的群体展示了 D. trimaculatus 的粘土模型,并比较了攻击行为的持续时间。A. frenatus 和 A. polymnus 的攻击行为明显比其他 4 个物种更长、更强烈。我们的研究结果表明,海葵共生中的物种组成可能会受到共存的海葵鱼的影响,因为对入侵者的攻击行为因物种而异。很少与 Amphiprion frenatus 和 A. polymnus 同居。我们通过实验向六种海葵鱼的群体展示了 D. trimaculatus 的粘土模型,并比较了攻击行为的持续时间。A. frenatus 和 A. polymnus 的攻击行为明显长于其他 4 个物种,攻击行为更强烈。我们的研究结果表明,海葵共生中的物种组成可能会受到共存的海葵鱼的影响,因为对入侵者的攻击行为因物种而异。很少与 Amphiprion frenatus 和 A. polymnus 同居。我们通过实验向六种海葵鱼的群体展示了 D. trimaculatus 的粘土模型,并比较了攻击行为的持续时间。A. frenatus 和 A. polymnus 的攻击行为明显长于其他 4 个物种,攻击行为更强烈。我们的研究结果表明,海葵共生中的物种组成可能会受到共存的海葵鱼的影响,因为对入侵者的攻击行为因物种而异。polymnus 明显比其他四个物种更长,强度更高。我们的研究结果表明,海葵共生中的物种组成可能会受到共存的海葵鱼的影响,因为对入侵者的攻击行为因物种而异。polymnus 明显比其他四个物种更长,强度更高。我们的研究结果表明,海葵共生中的物种组成可能受到共存的海葵鱼的影响,因为物种之间对入侵者的攻击行为不同。
更新日期:2020-05-30
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