Based on the principle of free radical polymerization, a novel scale inhibiting and dispersing copolymer was successfully prepared using the monomers of itaconic acid (IA), 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and tannic acid (TA). The chemical structure, molecular weight and thermal stability of the copolymer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The effects of synthesis and water conditions on the scale inhibition performance of the copolymer were investigated by static scale inhibition method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to study the microscopic morphology and crystal structure of the scale deposits. When the reaction time was 3.5 h, the reaction temperature was 75 °C, the amount of tannic acid added was 4 g, and the amount of initiator was 5% of the total mass of the monomers, the copolymer had the excellent scale inhibition performance. With the test temperature raised, the basicity of the simulated cooling water increased, and the concentration of CO₃²⁻/HCO₃⁻ enhanced, scale inhibition efficiency of the copolymer decreased. TGA analysis proved that the significant thermal degradation of copolymer occurred at 220 °C, which demonstrated that the copolymer had outstanding temperature resistance. Characterization of the inorganic calcium scale deposits indicated that the copolymer markedly destroyed the surface morphology and crystal structure of the scale deposits. The novel scale inhibiting and dispersing copolymer containing natural tannin prepared in this work will have a bright application prospect in controlling the formation of inorganic calcium scale deposits,which is about to have potential strategic implications for water conservation and energy efficiency.

基于自由基聚合的原理，利用衣康酸（IA），2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸（AMPS）和丹宁酸（TA）的单体成功制备了新型的阻垢分散性共聚物。分别通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）和热重分析（TGA）表征了共聚物的化学结构，分子量和热稳定性。通过静态阻垢方法研究了合成条件和水条件对共聚物阻垢性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）研究了水垢沉积物的微观形貌和晶体结构。当反应时间为3.5小时时，反应温度为75℃，鞣酸的加入量为4g，引发剂的量为单体总质量的5％，该共聚物具有优异的阻垢性能。随着测试温度的升高，模拟冷却水的碱度增加，CO的浓度增加₃ ^2- / HCO ₃ ^-增强，该共聚物的阻垢效率下降。TGA分析证明，共聚物在220℃下发生明显的热降解，这表明该共聚物具有优异的耐热性。无机钙垢沉积物的表征表明，共聚物明显破坏了垢沉积物的表面形态和晶体结构。本发明制备的新型含天然单宁的阻垢分散共聚物在控制无机钙垢沉积物的形成方面具有广阔的应用前景，对节约用水和提高能源效率具有潜在的战略意义。