The ¹⁴C emissions from NPP with RBMK-1000 and EGP-6 reactors as well as the yearly population irradiation dose due to these emissions are evaluated. A model is presented for calculating the population irradiation dose due to ¹⁴C emissions assuming an equilibrium ¹⁴C distribution between local food products and atmospheric air and absence of such an equilibrium for humans as a result of the consumption of imported food products. This model makes it possible to legitimately reduce the conservatism of the evaluation of the dose from standard NNP emissions as compared with the operating procedures and recommendations. The estimated population irradiation dose from ¹⁴C emissions is as follows, μSv/yr: 2.3 Smolensk, 1 Leningrad, 1.3 Kursk, and 0.034 Bilibino NPP. Irrespective of the computational model the ¹⁴C contribution in the total population irradiation dose due to emissions from NPP with RBMK-100 and EGP-6 reactors is significantly higher than 1%, so that it must be normalized and monitored.

评估了带有RBMK-1000和EGP-6反应堆的NPP的¹⁴ C排放以及由于这些排放而产生的年人口辐照剂量。提出了一个模型，用于计算由于¹⁴ C排放而引起的人口辐照剂量，该模型假设本地食品与大气之间的平衡¹⁴ C分布，并且由于食用进口食品而对人体没有这种平衡。与操作程序和建议相比，该模型可以合理地减少标准NNP排放量剂量评估的保守性。估计的人口辐射剂量从¹⁴C排放量如下：μSv/ yr：2.3斯摩棱斯克，1列宁格勒，1.3库尔斯克和0.034比利比诺NPP。无论使用哪种计算模型，RBMK-100和EGP-6反应堆的NPP排放所导致的总辐射剂量中¹⁴ C的贡献都明显高于1％，因此必须对其进行标准化和监测。