The gut microbial diversity of Thai people was investigated between two large cohorts, adult and elderly subjects, from the middle region of Thailand; the cohorts were divided into different age groups of healthy adult (73) and elderly subjects (47). The diversities of the groups were characterized using a pyrosequencing technique with primers targeting the V6–V8 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and a significant decrease in the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes ratio from 7.3 to 4.5 was observed with increased age. The microbiota of the adult and elderly groups had a significantly higher abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria, including the three species Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and the phylum Bacteroidetes containing the four species Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides caccae and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Firmicutes showed no significant differences between the two groups. Eleven species belonging to Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were shared by at least 90% of all subjects and defined as core gut microbiota of healthy Thai, among which a high abundance of Escherichia coli was particularly characterized in Thai elderly individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis of age, gender, BMI and diet consumption frequency showed the correlation of age with Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Rice consumption frequency showed a significant positive correlation with Bacteroides, while no correlation was found for other factors. Taken together, in the gut of Thai adults, Bifidobacterium decreased and Bacteroides increased with age, while rice consumption increased the abundance of Bacteroides. These link of age and food, especially rice carbohydrate, to gut microbiota and health could be ultimately proposed as the Thai feature.

对来自泰国中部地区的两个大型队列（成人和老年人）进行了调查，调查了泰国人的肠道微生物多样性。在队列分为正常成人不同年龄组（ 73 ）和老年科（ 47 ）。使用焦磷酸测序技术，以针对16S rRNA基因V6-V8区域的引物为特征，对各组的多样性进行了鉴定，随着年龄的增长，Fimicutes和Bacteroidetes的比例从7.3显着降低到4.5 。成人和老年人群的微生物群中放线菌门的丰度明显更高包括三种青春双歧杆菌，长双歧杆菌和假链状双歧杆菌，和门拟杆菌含有四种杆菌uniformis，卵形拟杆菌，拟杆菌caccae和多形拟杆菌。坚定者显示两组之间没有显着差异。属于Firmicutes，Bacteroidetes和Proteobacteria的11种至少90％的所有受试者都拥有这种细菌，并且被定义为健康泰国人的核心肠道菌群，其中泰国老年人中特别表现出大量的大肠杆菌。年龄，性别，BMI和饮食消耗频率的多元线性回归分析显示，年龄与拟杆菌和双歧杆菌有相关性。稻米食用频率与拟杆菌有显着正相关，而其他因素则无相关性。总体而言，在泰国成年人的肠道中，双歧杆菌随着年龄的增长而减少，而拟杆菌的数量则增加，而大米的食用则增加了拟杆菌的含量。年龄和食物，尤其是大米碳水化合物与肠道菌群和健康之间的这些联系最终可以被认为是泰国特色。