Background:

Clinical evidence suggests that body muscle mass is positively associated with bone mass, of significance for the elderly population at risk of osteoporosis (OP). Furthermore, muscle and bone interact mechanically and functionally, via local interactions as well as remotely via secreted components. Thus, it was of interest to compare muscle transcriptomes in postmenopausal OP and healthy women, and study effects of strength training on the muscle transcriptome, muscle stress proteins and bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods:

Skeletal muscle histological and genetic properties were compared in postmenopausal healthy (n = 18) and OP (n = 17) women before and after heavy-load strength training for 13–15 weeks. The cohorts were of similar age and body mass index without interfering diseases, medication or difference in lifestyle factors. Muscle biopsies obtained before and after intervention were studied histologically, and stress proteins and transcriptomes analyzed.

Results:

The OP women showed distinct muscle transcription profiles when compared with healthy women and had higher levels of the stress proteins HSP70 and α-β-crystalline. A set of 12 muscle transcripts, including ACSS3, FZD4, GNAI1 and IGF1, were differentially expressed before and after intervention (false discovery rate ⩽0.10, p ⩽0.001), and their corresponding bone transcripts were associated with BMD. Experimental data underline and describe the functionality of these genes in bone biology. OP women had 8% (p <0.01) higher proportion of type I fibres, but muscle fibre cross-sectional area did not differ. Muscle strength increased in both groups (p <0.01).

Conclusions:

Postmenopausal healthy and OP women have distinct muscle transcriptomes [messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) and microRNAs] that are modulated by strength training, translating into key protein alterations and muscle fibre changes. The function of common skeletal muscle and bone genes in postmenopausal OP is suggestive of a shared disease trait.

中文翻译：

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绝经后骨质疏松症是一种肌肉骨骼疾病，具有对力量训练有反应的共同遗传特征：一项转化干预研究。

背景：

临床证据表明，身体肌肉量与骨量呈正相关，这对于有骨质疏松症 (OP) 风险的老年人群具有重要意义。此外，肌肉和骨骼通过局部相互作用以及通过分泌成分远程进行机械和功能相互作用。因此，比较绝经后 OP 和健康女性的肌肉转录组，并研究力量训练对肌肉转录组、肌肉应激蛋白和骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 的影响是很有意义的。

方法：

比较绝经后健康（ n  = 18）和 OP（n  = 17）女性在 13-15 周的重负荷力量训练前后的骨骼肌组织学和遗传特性。这些队列的年龄和体重指数相似，没有干扰疾病、药物或生活方式因素的差异。对干预前后获得的肌肉活检进行组织学研究，并分析应激蛋白和转录组。

结果：

与健康女性相比，OP 女性表现出明显的肌肉转录谱，并具有更高水平的应激蛋白 HSP70 和 α-β-晶体。一组 12 种肌肉转录本，包括 ACSS3、FZD4、GNAI1 和 IGF1，在干预前后差异表达（错误发现率 0.10，p  0.001），其相应的骨转录本与 BMD 相关。实验数据强调并描述了这些基因在骨生物学中的功能。OP 女性的 I 型纤维比例高出 8% ( p  <0.01)，但肌纤维横截面积没有差异。两组的肌肉力量都有所增加（p  <0.01）。

结论：

绝经后健康和 OP 女性具有不同的肌肉转录组 [信使核糖核酸 (mRNA) 和 microRNA]，这些转录组受力量训练的调节，转化为关键的蛋白质改变和肌纤维变化。绝经后 OP 中常见骨骼肌和骨骼基因的功能暗示了一种共同的疾病特征。