2D nanomaterials have long been considered for development of ultra-high throughput membranes, due to their atomically thin nature and high mechanical strength. However, current processes have yet to yield a viable membrane for practical applications due to the lack of scalability and substantially improved performance over existing membranes. Herein, a graphene oxide (GO) bilayer membrane with a permeability of 1562 mL/hr.mmHg.m2, two orders of magnitude higher than existing nanofiltration membranes, and a tight molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) is presented. To build such a membrane, we have developed a new process involving self-assembly and optimization of GO nanoplatelets physicochemical properties. The process produced a highly organized mosaic of nanoplatelets enabling ultra-high permeability and selectivity with only three layers of GO. Performance of the membrane has been evaluated in a simulated hemodialysis application, where it presents a great value proposition. The membrane has a precise molecular cut-off size of 5 nm, adjusted using a molecular interlinker, designed to prevent loss of critical blood proteins. Urea, cytochrome-c, and albumin are used as representative test molecules. Urea and cytochrome-c sieving coefficients of 0.5 and 0.4 were achieved under physiological pressure conditions, while retaining 99% of albumin. Hemolysis, complement activation, and coagulation studies exhibit a performance on par or superior to the existing hemodialyzer materials.

中文翻译：

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用于可穿戴式血液透析仪的双层氧化石墨烯膜

二维纳米材料由于其原子薄的特性和较高的机械强度，长期以来一直被认为可用于开发超高通量膜。然而，由于缺乏可扩展性和与现有膜相比的显着改善的性能，当前的方法尚未产生用于实际应用的可行膜。在此，提出了一种渗透率为1562 mL / hr.mmHg.m2的氧化石墨烯（GO）双层膜，比现有的纳滤膜高两个数量级，并且具有严格的分子量截留值（MWCO）。为了构建这种膜，我们开发了一种新工艺，其中涉及自组装和GO纳米血小板理化特性的优化。该过程产生了高度组织化的纳米片状马赛克，仅需三层GO即可实现超高渗透性和选择性。该膜的性能已在模拟血液透析应用中进行了评估，在该应用中它具有很大的价值主张。该膜具有5 nm的精确分子截止尺寸，可使用分子互连剂进行调节，以防止重要的血液蛋白质丢失。尿素，细胞色素c和白蛋白用作代表性的测试分子。在生理压力条件下，尿素和细胞色素C筛分系数分别为0.5和0.4，同时保留了99％的白蛋白。溶血，补体激活和凝血研究显示出与现有血液透析仪材料相当或更高的性能。使用分子互连剂进行调节，以防止重要的血液蛋白质丢失。尿素，细胞色素c和白蛋白用作代表性的测试分子。在生理压力条件下，尿素和细胞色素C筛分系数分别为0.5和0.4，同时保留了99％的白蛋白。溶血，补体激活和凝血研究显示出与现有血液透析仪材料相当或更高的性能。使用分子互连剂进行调节，以防止重要的血液蛋白质丢失。尿素，细胞色素c和白蛋白用作代表性的测试分子。在生理压力条件下，尿素和细胞色素C筛分系数分别为0.5和0.4，同时保留了99％的白蛋白。溶血，补体激活和凝血研究显示出与现有血液透析仪材料相当或更高的性能。