We theoretically analyze and experimentally demonstrate optical bi-stability and multi-stability in an integrated nonlinear high-order microring resonator filter based on high-index contrast doped silica glass. We use a nonlinear model accounting for both the Kerr and thermal effects to analyze the instability behavior of the coupled-resonator based filter. The model also accurately predicts the multi-stable behavior of the filter when the input frequency is slightly detuned. To understand the role of the intracavity power distribution, we investigate the detuning of the individual rings of the filter from the optical response with a pump–probe experiment. Such a measurement is performed scanning the filter with a low-power probe beam tuned a few free spectral ranges away from the resonance where the pump is coupled. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the nonlinear behavior and the intracavity power distribution for the high-order microring resonator filter will help the design and implementation of future all-optical switching systems using this type of filter.

中文翻译：

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非线性高阶微环谐振器滤波器中的光学多稳定性

我们在理论上进行分析和实验，证明了在基于高折射率对比掺杂石英玻璃的集成非线性高阶微环谐振器滤波器中的光学双稳定性和多重稳定性。我们使用考虑了Kerr和热效应的非线性模型来分析基于耦合谐振器的滤波器的不稳定性行为。当输入频率略微失谐时，该模型还可以准确地预测滤波器的多稳态性能。为了了解腔内功率分布的作用，我们通过泵浦-探针实验研究了滤光器各个环从光学响应的​​失谐。进行这种测量是使用低功率探测光束扫描滤波器，该探测光束的调谐距离耦合泵的共振点有几个自由光谱范围。