A soil’s ionic profile along with other climatic factors influences seed germination in natural habitats. This study evaluates the role of different chloride and sulfate salts during germination of three halophytes (Halogeton glomeratus, Lepidium latifolium, and Peganum harmala) distributed in temperate salt playa habitats of Pakistan. Seeds were germinated in six salts concentrations (0 to 500 mM) under five temperature regimes (5/15 to 25/35 °C) and two photoperiods (12 h photoperiod and 24 h-dark). Germination percentage and germination velocity decreased with an increase in salt concentration and corresponding osmotic potentials. Germination of H. glomeratus and L. latifolium in iso-osmotic solutions of various salts was faster in K⁺ salts compared to Na⁺ and Mg²⁺ while in P. harmala germination was higher in Mg²⁺ and Na⁺ salts. H. glomeratus and L. latifolium were more tolerant to SO₄²⁻ than Cl⁻ salts, however, P. harmala was unaffected by anion. Optimal temperature was 20/30 °C for germination of all species irrespective of salt type. Sulfate seems to be less inhibitory only during germination of H. glomeratus in complete dark. The climatic condition of dry alpine habitat allows selected species to germinate at moderate temperature regimes (April–May) in the presence of light. High ionic concentration in soil may inhibit germination of all species but P. harmala appears to be more adapted in comparison to others. High sulfate soil content may favor seedling recruitment of H. glomeratus (annual plant) under mountain cracks.

土壤的离子剖面以及其他气候因素会影响自然栖息地的种子发芽。这项研究评估了不同的氯化物和硫酸盐在分布于巴基斯坦温带盐滩生境的三种盐生植物（Halogeton glomeratus，Leptium latifolium和Peganum harmala）发芽过程中的作用。在五个温度范围（5/15至25/35°C）和两个光周期（12 h光周期和24 h黑暗）下，六种盐浓度（0至500 mM）的种子发芽。随着盐浓度和相应的渗透势的增加，发芽率和发芽速度降低。肾小球菌和乳杆菌的萌发与Na ⁺和Mg ²⁺相比，各种盐的等渗溶液中K ⁺盐的释放速度更快，而Mg ²⁺和Na ⁺盐中的P. harmala发芽率更高。H.生草和L.宽叶更耐受SO ₄ ^2-比氯^-盐，然而，骆驼蓬是通过阴离子不受影响。不论盐的类型如何，所有物种的最佳发芽温度为20/30°C。硫酸盐似乎仅在H. glomeratus萌发期间具有较小的抑制作用在完全黑暗中。干燥的高山生境的气候条件使选定的物种在有光照的情况下在中等温度下（4月至5月）发芽。土壤中较高的离子浓度可能会抑制所有物种的发芽，但与其他物种相比，P。harmala似乎更适应。高硫酸盐土壤含量可能有利于山间裂隙下H. glomeratus（一年生植物）的幼苗募集。