Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is among the best producers of edible biomass in terms of yield per hectare and a variety of different regional cultivars are used as a staple commodity in many countries. However, this crop is attacked by several diseases, with the worst being the late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. Stacking of resistance (R) genes from wild Solanum relatives are interesting prospects for the sustainable control of late blight. Therefore, we optimized methods for the efficient generation and screening of R-gene-containing transformants in tetraploid and diploid hybrid potato genotypes. Using these methods, a high transformation efficiency was achieved for the transformation of tetraploid and diploid potato lines with a triple resistance (3R) gene construct. Transformation efficiencies were improved by optimizing several factors affecting regeneration, including the quality of the starting plant material, and the composition of the plant growth regulators used during selective regeneration. A refreshment protocol was designed to alleviate in vitro related stress in stock plants, which significantly improved the growth vigor and resulted in a 4- to 10-fold increase in transformation efficiency. Furthermore, long-term exposure to exogenous Indole-3-butyric acid that is usually used for the initiation of roots in vitro, was found to cause aberrant morphological phenotypes in potato.

中文翻译：

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提高本地四倍体和二倍体马铃薯抗晚疫病转化的组织培养和更新技术为例。


就每公顷产量而言，马铃薯（ Solanum tuberosum ）是可食用生物质的最佳生产者之一，并且各种不同的区域品种在许多国家被用作主要商品。然而，这种作物受到多种疾病的侵袭，其中最严重的是由致病疫霉引起的晚疫病。来自野生茄属植物近缘种的抗性（R）基因的堆积为可持续控制晚疫病带来了有趣的前景。因此，我们优化了四倍体和二倍体杂交马铃薯基因型中含有 R 基因的转化体的有效生成和筛选方法。使用这些方法，具有三抗性（3R）基因构建体的四倍体和二倍体马铃薯品系的转化实现了高转化效率。通过优化影响再生的几个因素，包括起始植物材料的质量以及选择性再生过程中使用的植物生长调节剂的成分，提高了转化效率。刷新方案旨在减轻母株的体外相关应激，从而显着提高生长活力并使转化效率提高 4 至 10 倍。此外，长期暴露于通常用于体外生根的外源吲哚-3-丁酸，被发现会导致马铃薯形态表型异常。