Fat deposition and growth rate are closely related to pork quality and fattening efficiency. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach for transcriptome and miRNAome massive parallel sequencing of adipocyte tissue was applied to search for a molecular network related to fat deposition in pigs. Pigs were represented by three breeds (Large White, Pietrain, and Hampshire) that varied in fat content within each breed. The obtained results allowed for the detection of significant enrichment of Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathways associated directly and indirectly with fat deposition via regulation of fatty acid metabolism, fat cell differentiation, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and disassembly. Moreover, the results showed that adipocyte tissue content strongly affected the expression of leptin and other genes related to a response to excessive feed intake. The findings indicated that modification of genes and miRNAs involved in ECM rearrangements can be essential during fat tissue growth and development in pigs. The identified molecular network within genes and miRNAs that were deregulated depending on the subcutaneous fat level are proposed as candidate factors determining adipogenesis, fatness, and selected fattening characteristics in pigs.

中文翻译：

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在转录组和 miRNA 水平上鉴定与猪肥胖相关的分子机制


脂肪沉积和生长速度与猪肉品质和育肥效率密切相关。应用脂肪细胞组织转录组和 miRNAome 大规模并行测序的下一代测序 (NGS) 方法来寻找与猪脂肪沉积相关的分子网络。猪以三个品种（大白猪、皮特兰猪和汉普夏猪）为代表，每个品种的脂肪含量各不相同。获得的结果允许通过调节脂肪酸代谢、脂肪细胞分化、炎症反应以及细胞外基质（ECM）组织和分解来检测与脂肪沉积直接和间接相关的基因本体（GO）术语和途径的显着富集。此外，结果表明，脂肪细胞组织含量强烈影响瘦素和其他与过量采食反应相关的基因的表达。研究结果表明，参与 ECM 重排的基因和 miRNA 的修饰在猪的脂肪组织生长和发育过程中至关重要。已确定的基因和 miRNA 内根据皮下脂肪水平而失调的分子网络被提议作为决定猪的脂肪生成、脂肪和选定的育肥特征的候选因素。