The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is the biggest pest of various palm species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the essential oils of purslane, mustard and castor (bulk and nano) on R. ferrugineus and to evaluate the oviposition deterrent effect to prevent new infestations. Prepared concentrations of essential oils (bulk and nano) were tested for their impact on R. ferrugineus larvae, pupae and adults. The most effective oil was purslane oil (bulk and nano), followed by mustard and the least effective was castor. The percent mortality of larvae was 75.2, 45.3 and 17.9% (bulk phase) and 92.5, 84.4 and 65.5% (nano phase) in purslane, mustard and castor, respectively, when treated with the high concentration. The percent mortality of adults was 67.2, 40.0 and 15.6% (bulk phase) and 83.5, 72.9 and 60.0% (nano phase) in purslane, mustard and castor, respectively, when treated with the high concentration. The number of eggs laid decreased with increasing concentration of the tested oils. Purslane essential oil showed good impact on R. ferrugineus larvae and adults followed by mustard and castor oils as bulk and as nano.

中文翻译：

---

纳米精油对抗红棕象甲，Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier（鞘翅目： Curculionidae）

红棕象甲 Rhynchophorus ferrugineus 是各种棕榈树种中最大的害虫。本研究的目的是评估马齿苋、芥末和蓖麻（散装和纳米）精油对 R. ferrugineus 的影响，并评估对排卵的威慑作用，以防止新的感染。测试了制备的精油浓度（散装和纳米）对 R. ferrugineus 幼虫、蛹和成虫的影响。最有效的油是马齿苋油（散装和纳米油），其次是芥末，最不有效的是蓖麻油。当用高浓度处理时，马齿苋、芥菜和蓖麻的幼虫死亡率分别为 75.2%、45.3% 和 17.9%（体相）和 92.5%、84.4% 和 65.5%（纳米相）。成年人的死亡率百分比分别为 67.2%、40.0% 和 15.6%（大体阶段）和 83.5%、72.9% 和 60%。当用高浓度处理时，马齿苋、芥末和蓖麻中分别为 0%（纳米相）。产卵的数量随着测试油浓度的增加而减少。马齿苋精油对 R. ferrugineus 幼虫和成虫表现出良好的影响，其次是芥末和蓖麻油，作为散装油和纳米油。