Exosomes are critical intercellular messengers released upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the cellular plasma membrane that deliver their cargo in the form of extracellular vesicles. Containing numerous nonrandomly packed functional proteins, lipids, and RNAs, exosomes are vital intercellular messengers that contribute to the physiologic processes of the healthy organism. During the post‐genome era, exosome‐oriented proteomics have garnered great interest. Since its establishment, mass spectrometry (MS) has been indispensable for the field of proteomics research and has advanced rapidly to interrogate biological samples at a higher resolution and sensitivity. Driven by new methodologies and more advanced instrumentation, MS‐based approaches have revolutionized our understanding of protein biology. As the access to online proteomics database platforms has blossomed, experimental data processing occurs with more speed and accuracy. Here, we review recent advances in the technological progress of MS‐based proteomics and several new detection strategies for MS‐based proteomics research. We also summarize the use of integrated online databases for proteomics research in the era of big data. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev

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基于质谱的外泌体景观研究的现状和未来。

外泌体是多囊泡体与细胞质膜融合后释放的关键细胞间信使，细胞质膜以细胞外囊泡的形式递送货物。外泌体包含许多非随机包装的功能性蛋白质、脂质和 RNA，是重要的细胞间信使，有助于健康生物体的生理过程。在后基因组时代，面向外泌体的蛋白质组学引起了极大的兴趣。自成立以来，质谱 (MS) 一直是蛋白质组学研究领域不可或缺的一部分，并且在以更高的分辨率和灵敏度检测生物样品方面迅速发展。在新方法和更先进仪器的推动下，基于 MS 的方法彻底改变了我们对蛋白质生物学的理解。随着在线蛋白质组学数据库平台的普及，实验数据处理的速度和准确性越来越高。在这里，我们回顾了基于 MS 的蛋白质组学技术进步的最新进展以及基于 MS 的蛋白质组学研究的几种新检测策略。我们还总结了在大数据时代使用集成在线数据库进行蛋白质组学研究。© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 质谱修订版