Laboratory‐scale experiments on intact rocks are critical to the development of physics‐based fundamental understanding of various geophysical phenomena. In this work, the capability of ultrasonic wave transmission (T‐mode) and reflection (R‐mode) to monitor damage progression in uniaxially loaded prismatic intact rock specimens has been analyzed, as it is imperative to study the observations and document the capabilities of these techniques in a controlled environment. This study is novel in the sense that the R‐mode linear ultrasonic testing (LUT) has been rarely employed in studying intact rock damage processes in a laboratory setting, with most of the studies utilizing a direct transmission (T‐mode) approach or focusing on macroscopically fractured material. The two‐dimensional digital image correlation (2‐D DIC) full‐field strain measurement approach was also used in‐sync with the LUT monitoring to explicitly correlate the stress‐induced damage in the specimens with the changes observed in the ultrasonic (T‐mode and R‐mode) signals. The results show that both the T‐mode and R‐mode LUT approaches are sensitive to detect the evolution of tensile and shear damage in the specimens, with the R‐mode ultrasonic signals showing higher degree of sensitivity to the damage in the rocks, immediately following the initiation of damage in the rock volume.

中文翻译：

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超声透射反射和数字图像相关性对完整岩石破坏的照明

在完整岩石上进行实验室规模的实验对于发展基于物理学的各种地球物理现象的基本理解至关重要。在这项工作中，分析了超声波传输（T模式）和反射（R模式）在单轴加载的棱柱完整岩石样品中监测破坏进程的能力，因为必须研究观测结果并记录其能力。这些技术在受控环境中。从某种意义上说，这项研究是新颖的，因为在实验室环境中很少使用R模式线性超声测试（LUT）来研究完整的岩石破坏过程，大多数研究都采用直接透射（T模式）方法或聚焦在宏观断裂的材料上。二维数字图像相关（2-D DIC）全场应变测量方法也与LUT监测同步使用，以明确地将样品中的应力诱发损伤与超声（T-模式和R模式）信号。结果表明，T模式和R模式LUT方法对检测样品中拉伸和剪切损伤的演变都很敏感，而R模式超声信号立即显示出对岩石损伤的更高敏感性在岩石体积破坏开始之后。