Vera Rubin ridge (VRR) is a topographic high within the layers of Mount Sharp, Gale crater, that exhibits a strong hematite spectral signature from orbit. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover carried out a comprehensive investigation to understand the depositional and diagenetic processes recorded in the rocks of VRR. Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) evolved gas analyses (EGA) were performed on three samples from the ridge and one from directly beneath the ridge. SAM evolved H₂O data suggested the presence of an Fe‐rich dioctahedral smectite, such as nontronite, in the sample from beneath the ridge. H₂O data are also consistent with ferripyrophyllite in VRR samples. SAM SO₂ data indicated that all samples contained Mg sulfates and some Fe sulfate. Several volatile detections suggested trace reduced sulfur sources, such as Fe sulfides and/or S‐bearing organic compounds, in two samples while significant O₂ and NO evolved from one sample indicated the presence of oxychlorine and nitrate/nitrite salts, respectively. The O₂ evolution was the second highest to date and the first observed in ~1,200 sols. HCl released from all samples likely resulted, in part, from trace chloride salts. All samples evolved CO₂ and CO consistent with oxidized carbon compounds (e.g., oxalates), while some CO₂ may result from carbonate. SAM‐derived constraints on the mineralogy and chemistry of VRR materials, in the context of additional mineralogy, geochemistry, and sedimentology information obtained by Curiosity, support a complex diagenetic history that involved fluids of a range of possible salinities, redox characteristics, pHs, and temperatures.

中文翻译：

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来自火星演化气体分析的火星科学实验室样本分析对火星大风火山口的维拉·鲁宾岭矿物学和地球化学的限制

维拉·鲁宾山脊（VRR）是位于大风火山口的Sharp Sharp层中的地形高点，具有强烈的赤铁矿光谱特征。火星科学实验室好奇号流动站进行了全面的调查，以了解记录在VRR岩石中的沉积和成岩过程。火星上的样品分析（SAM）对来自山脊的三个样品和来自山脊正下方的三个样品进行了析出气体分析（EGA）。SAM析出的H ₂ O数据表明，在山脊下方的样品中存在富铁的八面体蒙脱石，例如绿脱石。H ₂ O数据也与VRR样品中的铁锂叶绿石一致。山姆SO ₂数据表明，所有样品均含有硫酸镁和一些硫酸铁。几次挥发性检测表明，在两个样品中发现了痕量还原的硫源，例如硫化铁和/或含S的有机化合物，而从一个样品中析出的大量O ₂和NO分别表明存在氯氧盐和硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐。迄今为止，O _2的释放量是第二高的，在约1200溶胶中观察到的是第一次。从所有样品中释放的HCl可能部分是由于痕量的氯化物盐引起的。所有样品均释放出CO _2，并且CO与氧化的碳化合物（例如草酸盐）一致，而有些CO ₂可能是碳酸盐造成的。在Curiosity获得的其他矿物学，地球化学和沉积学信息的背景下，SAM衍生的对VRR材料的矿物学和化学的限制支持复杂的成岩史，涉及涉及各种可能盐度，氧化还原特性，pH和温度。