Social-ecological resilience (SER) is the ability to recover from disasters from both social and ecological perspectives. Exploring the resilience of regions that have vulnerable ecosystem and are at high risk of natural disasters is of great significance to effective disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. Nepal has frequently experienced various natural disasters, such as earthquakes, mountain torrents and landslides in recent decades, which have tremendous impacts on the livelihood and socioeconomic development of local residents. This study seeks to generate more information about the spatial and temporal dynamics of SER in Nepal. Here, a SER assessment index was constructed at the village level for the entire country between 2000 and 2015 using the entropy weight method. The study further clarified the mechanisms of driving factors affecting SER based on the Obstacle Degree Model. The results showed that the SER in Nepal presented an uneven spatial distribution, where the northwest was generally lower than that in the east and south. The high-value areas were Kathmandu and areas surrounding Lake Rara in the northwest. The low-value areas were mainly located in mid-western Nepal near the Himalayas. Over the years, the maximum values of SER increased from 0.350 to 0.361, while the minimum reduced from −0.014 to −0.019. The main factors affecting the local SER were the proportion of built-up areas, cultivated land and surface water area. Therefore, it is important to promote agricultural modernization and rational land use planning, in order to reduce the pressure on land resources and enhance agricultural income.

社会生态复原力（SER）是从社会和生态角度从灾难中恢复的能力。探索生态系统脆弱，自然灾害风险高的地区的复原力，对于有效减少灾害风险和可持续发展具有重要意义。尼泊尔近几十年来经常经历各种自然灾害，例如地震，山洪和山体滑坡，这对当地居民的生计和社会经济发展产生了巨大影响。这项研究旨在生成有关SER在尼泊尔的时空动态的更多信息。在这里，使用熵权法建立了2000年至2015年全国乡村水平的SER评估指标。该研究进一步基于障碍度模型阐明了驱动因素影响SER的机制。结果表明，尼泊尔的SER呈现出不均匀的空间分布，西北地区总体上低于东部和南部地区。高价值地区是加德满都和西北拉拉湖周围的地区。低价值地区主要位于喜马拉雅山脉附近的尼泊尔中西部。多年来，SER的最大值从0.350增加到0.361，而最小值从-0.014减小到-0.019。影响当地SER的主要因素是建成区比例，耕地和地表水面积。因此，重要的是促进农业现代化和合理的土地利用规划，以减轻土地资源压力，增加农业收入。