Abstract The study attempts to determine paleo recharge sources for two major aquifer units of Kuwait, namely, Kuwait Group Aquifer (KGA), and Dammam Formation (DFm) were collected and analyzed for major ions and isotopes. The obtained results of 14C ages indicated that the groundwater samples ranged from 31.9 Ky to 3.9 Ky in DFm and 23.3 Ky to 0.8 Ky in KGA. The variations in δ18O signatures with respect to age reflected that there were two major sources of rainwater such as enriched southern Indian Ocean monsoon and the depleted northwesterly (Mediterranean) vapor source. The samples found to show variations during the three marine isotopic stages (MIS 1–3), Heinrich events, Bolling-Allerod, and Dryas time periods in both aquifers. A shift in the Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) was witnessed in the groundwater of both aquifers from 7.8 Ky to 4.9 Ky. The variation in the Holocene climate is mainly due to the influence of tropospheric easterly jet governed by the swing in ITCZ , as a result of Holocene volcanism. The mean δ18O values of DFm samples (-3.81‰) reflect depletion than KGA samples (-2.31‰), and the d-excess values were −0.95‰ and 2.05‰ respectively. Thus it could be inferred that the DFm was predominantly recharged during Late Pleistocene period and it was in a relatively cooler climate than recharge environment of KGA. The study infers that KGA was recharged between 26oN and 26.8oN latitudes, and that of the DFm was noted to be recharged (south west of Kuwait) in two different patches between 25.8oN and 26.2oN and 26.7oN-27.4oN latitudes during Late Pleistocene. The KGA was concluded to be recharged between 25.5oN and 27.5oN latitudes, south of Kuwait, during Holocene.

中文翻译：

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利用科威特分层含水层晚更新世-全新世地下水的同位素特征进行古气候调查

摘要 本研究试图确定科威特两个主要含水层单元的古补给源，即科威特组含水层 (KGA) 和达曼组 (DFm)，并收集并分析了主要离子和同位素。获得的14C年龄结果表明，地下水样品在DFm中为31.9 Ky至3.9 Ky，在KGA中为23.3 Ky至0.8 Ky。δ18O 特征随年龄的变化反映了雨水的两个主要来源，如富集的南印度洋季风和枯竭的西北（地中海）水汽源。发现的样本在两个含水层的三个海洋同位素阶段 (MIS 1-3)、海因里希事件、Bolling-Allerod 和 Dryas 时间段内显示出变化。两个含水层的地下水都出现了热带辐合带 (ITCZ) 的变化，从 7 开始。8 Ky to 4.9 Ky. 全新世气候的变化主要是受全新世火山作用导致的对流层东风急流的影响，该急流受ITCZ摆动控制。DFm 样品的平均 δ18O 值（-3.81‰）反映了比 KGA 样品（-2.31‰）的损耗，d-过量值分别为-0.95‰和 2.05‰。因此可以推断DFm主要在晚更新世时期补给，并且其气候比KGA的补给环境相对凉爽。该研究推断，KGA 在纬度 26oN 和 26.8oN 之间重新充电，而在晚更新世期间，DFm 在纬度 25.8oN 和 26.2oN 以及纬度 26.7oN-27.4oN 之间的两个不同斑块中（科威特西南部）被充电. KGA 的结论是在科威特以南的 25.5oN 和 27.5oN 纬度之间进行充电，