The socio-economic development of any country is completely dependent on the energy and the demand for energy is not completely fulfilled from a single source. As a result, renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, and hydro come into the picture. Countries like India and Nepal are naturally gifted with the potential of hydrodynamic energy, where a large number of small and medium hydro-power plants have been installed on the rivers coming from the Himalayas. Most of the hydrodynamic plants are situated in the Himalayan belt and have to deal with the problem of silt erosion in the hydrodynamic machinery. The hydraulic turbine is the heart of any hydropower plant and once it gets damaged due to silt erosion, not only the efficiency of the plant gets affected but it also increases the associated maintenance cost. Over the last two decades, researchers have been continuously working on this problem and focusing extensively to minimize the erosion rates with different materials processed by using surface modification techniques. To prevent the degradation of materials, protective coatings are used, which act as a barrier between the material and the working environment. The current manuscript reviews the performance of modified surfaces, which have been developed by using various surface engineering techniques to combat the slurry erosion failure in hydrodynamic turbines. The deposition of the coating by using different techniques and the evaluation of enhancement in the coating characteristics (mechanical and micro-structural) as well as coating efficiency under different slurry erosion conditions are reported. The effects of different operating parameters such as the angle of impingement, erodent size and shape, and slurry concentration on the performance of coating materials have been studied and discussed in detail.

任何国家的社会经济发展都完全取决于能源，而能源的需求也不能完全由单一来源满足。结果，可再生能源如太阳能，风能和水能成为了图片。像印度和尼泊尔这样的国家自然具有水力发电的潜力，喜马拉雅山的河流上已安装了许多中小型水力发电厂。大多数水力发电厂位于喜马拉雅带，必须处理水力机械中的泥沙侵蚀问题。水轮机是任何水力发电厂的心脏，一旦由于淤泥侵蚀而损坏，不仅会影响水电厂的效率，而且还会增加相关的维护成本。在过去的二十年中 研究人员一直在致力于解决这个问题，并广泛关注以使使用表面改性技术处理的不同材料的腐蚀速率最小化。为防止材料降解，使用了保护性涂层，该涂层可作为材料与工作环境之间的屏障。当前的手稿回顾了改性表面的性能，该改性表面是通过使用各种表面工程技术来解决流体动力涡轮机中的泥浆侵蚀失效而开发的。报道了通过使用不同的技术进行的涂层沉积以及评估在不同的浆料侵蚀条件下涂层特性（机械和微观结构）以及涂层效率的提高。