Abstract A 67-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of dehulled soybean meal (DSM), fermented soybean meal (FSM), and enzyme-treated dehulled soybean meal (EDSM) in diets prepared for cultured largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Triplicate groups of fish were fed diets composed of different soybean meal twice daily. The results showed that the inclusion of EDSM led to the best specific growth rate (SGR), while the SGR of fish fed with soybean meal fermented by a mixture of microorganisms (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Bacillus subtilis) (FSMI) was significantly higher than that of fish fed with soybean meal fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (FSMII), and with untreated soybean meal. Moreover, DSM resulted in the lowest apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and lipid, which may account for the observed reduction in the feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio as well as the impaired growth performance. The fish fed the diet with DSM exhibited the lowest protein retention rate but the highest lipid retention rate, which may be related to the variation in body composition in combination with feed utilization. The activity of lysozyme and classical complement pathway in fish fed diets with EDSM and FSMI was significantly higher than that in the DSM group, and the DSM group also produced the lowest hematological index value. Moreover, specific histopathological changes were observed in distal intestine of fish fed the diet with DSM. The results showed that fermentation and enzymatic pre-processing can improve the nutritional value of soybean meal, possibly be reducing anti-nutritional factors. For largemouth bass, the EDSM performed better than FSM in elevating growth performance and feed utilization under the applied experimental conditions.

中文翻译：

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大嘴黑鲈日粮中脱壳、发酵和酶处理豆粕的比较：对生长性能、饲料利用率、免疫反应和肠道形态的影响

摘要 一项为期 67 天的饲养试验旨在评估脱壳豆粕 (DSM)、发酵豆粕 (FSM) 和酶处理脱壳豆粕 (EDSM) 在为养殖大口黑鲈 (Micropterus salmoides) 制备的饲料中的营养价值. 三组鱼每天喂食两次由不同豆粕组成的饮食。结果表明，加入 EDSM 导致最佳比生长率 (SGR)，而饲喂由微生物混合物（保加利亚乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌）（FSMI）发酵的豆粕的鱼的 SGR 显着高于用酿酒酵母 (FSMII) 发酵的豆粕和未经处理的豆粕喂养的鱼。此外，DSM 导致蛋白质和脂质的表观消化率最低，这可能是观察到的饲料效率比和蛋白质效率比降低以及生长性能受损的原因。饲喂 DSM 饲料的鱼表现出最低的蛋白质保留率，但最高的脂质保留率，这可能与身体成分和饲料利用率的变化有关。用EDSM和FSMI喂养的鱼饲料中溶菌酶和经典补体途径的活性显着高于DSM组，并且DSM组也产生最低的血液学指标值。此外，在用 DSM 喂食的鱼的远端肠中观察到特定的组织病理学变化。结果表明，发酵和酶促预处理可以提高豆粕的营养价值，可能是降低抗营养因子的作用。