Preload of angular contact ball bearing (ACBB) is extremely important to high speed spindle, which has a great influence on the spindle’s dynamic and thermal characteristics, etc. In this paper, the preload source of ACBB; the main preload principles, methods and their advantages and disadvantages; research progress and development trend of preload device are discussed. On the basis, common criteria for computing and choosing optimal preload; influence of preload on dynamic and thermal properties of bearing and spindle system are discussed as well. The purposes of this paper are to clarify the research idea of preload, and provide a reference for accurately calculating the bearing stiffness under sophisticated conditions, precisely controlling dynamic parameters of high speed spindle, designing preload device with excellent dynamic performance, etc.

角接触球轴承（ACBB）的预紧力对于高速主轴极为重要，它对主轴的动态和热特性等都有很大的影响。预压的主要原理，方法及其优缺点；讨论了预紧装置的研究进展和发展趋势。在此基础上，计算和选择最佳预紧力的通用标准；还讨论了预紧力对轴承和主轴系统动态和热性能的影响。本文的目的是阐明预紧力的研究思路，为在复杂条件下准确计算轴承刚度，精确控制高速主轴的动态参数，设计具有优异动态性能的预紧力装置提供参考。