The earliest temperature series in Paris, from May 1658 to September 1660, taken by Boulliau is made available at daily resolution after a careful work of homogenization, correction and calculation of the average values. New results are achieved concerning the Little Florentine Thermometer, building location, thermometer exposure, observation methodologies followed by Boulliau and weather in the mid-seventeenth century. Two methods are used and compared to calculate the daily average from readings taken at random sampling times. The first one is based on the reading needing the smallest correction to be transformed into a daily average; the second considers all the readings of the day and makes a bulk average of the individual results. The series is compared with the temperature record by the Grand Duke Ferdinand II in Florence, which was the primary station of the Medici Network (1654–70). In addition, the comparison of the earliest temperature series in Paris and Florence with their respective 1961–1990 reference period gives a clear image of the change of weather conditions in Europe in the middle of the seventeenth century. Key features were a strong variability for warm-air and cold-air outbreaks, severe winters and cold summers in Paris, not affecting Florence.

中文翻译：

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巴黎最早的温度记录，1658-1660 年，作者 Ismaël Boulliau，并与佛罗伦萨的美第奇网络（1654-1670）当代系列作比较

在经过均质化、校正和平均值计算的仔细工作后，Boulliau 拍摄的巴黎最早的温度序列，从 1658 年 5 月到 1660 年 9 月，以每日分辨率提供。在小佛罗伦萨温度计、建筑位置、温度计暴露、布里奥遵循的观测方法和十七世纪中叶的天气方面取得了新的成果。使用并比较了两种方法，以根据随机采样时间的读数计算每日平均值。第一个是基于需要将最小修正转换为日平均值的读数；第二个考虑当天的所有读数，并对单个结果进行批量平均。该系列与佛罗伦萨大公斐迪南二世的温度记录相比较，这是美第奇网络（1654-70）的主要站点。此外，将巴黎和佛罗伦萨最早的温度序列与其各自 1961 年至 1990 年的参考期进行比较，可以清楚地了解 17 世纪中叶欧洲天气条件的变化。主要特征是巴黎的暖空气和冷空气爆发、严冬和寒冷的夏天的强烈可变性，而佛罗伦萨没有受到影响。