The renoprotective potential of nanoemulsified garlic oil blend (GNE) in alleviating the progressive stages of hyperlipidemia-mediated diabetic nephropathy was examined. The study was carried out in high fat-fed, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic Wistar rats for five months. The diabetic rats showed a significant increase of area under the curve in OGTT (p < 0.01) and IPITT (p < 0.01), increased urinary albumin (p < 0.01), urinary microprotein (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.01), triglycerides (p < 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.001), with decreased serum albumin (p < 0.01), serum protein (p < 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.05) than the control rats. The histopathological analysis evidenced mesangial expansion and hypercellularity at the end of the first and third month, and glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy at the end of the fifth month in diabetic rats. Moreover, on disease progression, increase in urinary podocalyxin, NGAL and CD36 was observed, and the renal mRNA and protein expression of podocalyxin decreased significantly with a concomitant increase in NGAL and CD36 expression from first till fifth month end. The treatment with GNE (20 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the serum albumin (p < 0.001) and urine albumin (p < 0.01) from the end of the third month with significant attenuation in the lipid profile than GO (20 mg/kg) or Ator (8 mg/kg). Moreover, GNE reverted the histopathological alterations and attenuated the aberrant mRNA, protein expression and urinary excretion level of renal CD36, podocalyxin and NGAL in diabetic rats from an early stage of disease till the end of the study period. This study demonstrated the enhanced efficacy of GO in nanoemulsified form in mitigating the progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic rats.

研究了纳米乳化大蒜油混合物（GNE）在减轻高脂血症介导的糖尿病性肾病的进展阶段中的肾脏保护潜力。该研究在高脂肪食物，链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病Wistar大鼠中进行了五个月。糖尿病大鼠的OGTT（p  <0.01）和IPITT（p  <0.01）曲线下面积显着增加，尿白蛋白（p  <0.01），尿微量蛋白（p  <0.001），总胆固醇（p  <0.01 ），甘油三酸酯（p  <0.001）和LDL胆固醇（p  <0.001），血清白蛋白（p  <0.01）和血清蛋白（p <0.001）和HDL-胆固醇水平（p  <0.05）高于对照组。组织病理学分析表明，糖尿病大鼠在第一个月和第三个月末肾小球系膜扩张和细胞过多，在第五个月末肾小球硬化和肾小管萎缩。此外，在疾病进展过程中，观察到尿中足联蛋白，NGAL和CD36的增加，并且从第一个月到第五个月末，肾脏中足联蛋白的mRNA和蛋白表达显着下降，同时NGAL和CD36表达也随之增加。GNE（20 mg / kg）处理可显着改善血清白蛋白（p  <0.001）和尿白蛋白（p 从第三个月末开始<0.01），其脂质分布明显低于GO（20 mg / kg）或Ator（8 mg / kg）。此外，从患病初期到研究期结束，GNE可以逆转组织病理学改变，并减轻糖尿病大鼠肾脏CD36，podocalyxin和NGAL的异常mRNA，蛋白表达和尿排泄水平。这项研究证明了纳米乳化形式的GO在缓解2型糖尿病大鼠肾病进展中的增强功效。