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X-Ray Emission from Jupiter’s Galilean Moons: A Tool for Determining Their Surface Composition and Particle Environment
The Astrophysical Journal ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 , DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8cbc
S. Nulsen 1 , R. Kraft 1 , G. Germain 1 , W. Dunn 1, 2 , G. Tremblay 1 , L. Beegle 3 , G. Branduardi-Raymont 2 , E. Bulbul 1, 4 , R. Elsner 5 , R. Hodyss 3 , S. Vance 3
Affiliation  

We analyze archival Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of Jupiter to search for emission from the Galilean moons. X-ray emission has previously been reported from Io and Europa using a subset of these data. We confirm this detection, and marginally detect X-ray emission from both Ganymede and Callisto as well. The X-ray spectrum of Europa is strongly peaked around the neutral oxygen fluorescence line (525 eV), while Io’s has peaks at both oxygen and sulfur (2308 eV) plus a broad continuum between 350 and 5000 eV. Ganymede’s spectrum is similar to Io’s, but without the sulfur peak. A few events, mostly clustered around the oxygen line, are detected from Callisto. Using measurements by the Galileo mission of the specific intensity of ambient protons and electrons, we model the X-ray spectra and flux of the moons from two processes: particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) from the impact of energetic protons and X-ray emission from electron bremsstrahlung. With uncertainties of ...

中文翻译:

木星伽利略卫星的X射线发射:确定其表面成分和粒子环境的工具

我们分析木星的档案钱德拉X射线天文台观测资料,以寻找伽利略卫星的发射。先前已经使用这些数据的一部分从Io和Europa报道了X射线发射。我们确认了这种检测,并少量检测了木卫三和木卫四的X射线发射。欧罗巴的X射线光谱在中性氧荧光线(525 eV)附近出现强烈峰值,而Io在氧和硫(2308 eV)处均具有峰值,并且在350至5000 eV之间具有宽广的连续峰。木卫三的光谱与Io相似,但没有硫峰。从卡利斯托(Callisto)检测到一些事件,其中大部分都聚集在氧气管线周围。通过伽利略任务对周围质子和电子的特定强度的测量,我们通过两个过程对卫星的X射线光谱和通量建模:高能质子和电子致辐射的X射线发射引起的粒子诱导的X射线发射(PIXE)。具有...的不确定性
更新日期:2020-05-27
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