Mosquito-borne diseases cause significant social and economic damage across much of the globe. New biotechnologies that utilise manipulations of the mosquito genome have been developed to combat disease. The successful implementation of genetic mosquito control technologies may depend upon ecological, evolutionary and environmental factors, as well as the specifications of the chosen technology. Understanding the influence of these external factors will help inform how best to deploy a chosen technology to control vectors of infectious diseases. We use a continuous-time stochastic spatial network model of a mosquito life-cycle coupled to population genetics models to investigate the impact of releasing seven types of genetic control technology: a self-limiting lethal gene, two underdominance threshold gene drives, two homing gene drives and two Wolbachia systems. We apply the mathematical framework to understand control interventions of two archetypes of mosquito species: a short-range dispersing Aedes aegypti and comparatively longer-range dispersing Anopheles gambiae. We show that mosquito dispersal behaviour is an extremely important factor in determining the outcome of a release programme. Assortative mating -- where the mating success of genetically modified males is lower than their wild counterparts -- can facilitate the spatial containment of gene drives. The rapid evolution of strong mating preference can damage the efficacy of control efforts for all control technologies. We suggest that there cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach to regulation and implementation of vector control; there must be application-specific control plans that take account of understudied ecological, evolutionary and environmental factors.

中文翻译：

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分散和优先交配对蚊子遗传控制的影响

蚊媒疾病在全球大部分地区造成严重的社会和经济损失。已经开发出利用蚊子基因组操纵的新生物技术来对抗疾病。基因蚊子控制技术的成功实施可能取决于生态，进化和环境因素以及所选技术的规格。了解这些外部因素的影响将有助于告知如何最好地部署所选技术来控制传染病媒介。我们使用蚊子生命周期的连续时间随机空间网络模型与种群遗传模型相结合，以研究释放七种类型的遗传控制技术的影响：一种自限性致死基因，两种低度阈值基因驱动器，两个归巢基因驱动器和两个Wolbachia系统。我们应用数学框架来了解两种原型蚊子的控制干预措施：短距离传播埃及伊蚊和相对长距离传播冈比亚按蚊。我们表明，蚊子的传播行为是决定释放程序结果的极为重要的因素。杂种交配-转基因雄性的交配成功率低于野生雄性-可以促进基因驱动的空间控制。强烈的交配偏好的快速发展会损害所有控制技术的控制效果。我们建议，不可能有一种万能的方法来控制和实施矢量控制。