Introduction

HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH) is an increasingly recognized complication of HIV, with a significant degree of associated morbidity and mortality. Given a wide array in the severity of clinical presentations, the prompt diagnosis and subsequent initiation of therapies has remained a challenge in this rare condition.

Areas covered

Diagnosis of HIV-PAH has been primarily established by transthoracic echocardiogram and right heart catheterization. There are several viral proteins that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition that could be developed as either alternative or complimentary diagnostics in the evaluation of this condition. Therapy for HIV-PAH is centered on the management of HIV as well as the use of standard PAH therapies. The caveats in this distinct patient population include the consideration of drug-drug interactions of therapy with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and rare use of calcium channel blockers.

Expert opinion

Further research into the pathogenesis of HIV-PAH is warranted in order to develop diagnostics and therapy directed at the viral proteins implicated in this condition. This will be integral to the future evaluation and management of this unique patient population.

中文翻译：

---

HIV相关性肺动脉高压的诊治进展

介绍

与HIV相关的肺动脉高压（HIV-PAH）是HIV的一种日益被认可的并发症，具有很高的相关发病率和死亡率。考虑到临床表现的严重程度，在这种罕见的情况下，迅速诊断和随后开始治疗仍然是一个挑战。

覆盖区域

HIV-PAH的诊断主要通过经胸超声心动图和右心导管检查来确定。有几种病毒蛋白与这种疾病的发病机理有关，可以作为评估这种疾病的替代或补充诊断手段。HIV-PAH的治疗集中在HIV的管理以及标准PAH疗法的使用上。在这一截然不同的患者群体中，需要注意的是，需要考虑药物与高活性抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）的相互作用以及罕见地使用钙通道阻滞剂。

专家意见

为了开发针对这种情况下涉及的病毒蛋白的诊断和治疗方法，有必要进一步研究HIV-PAH的发病机理。这将是将来对该独特患者群进行评估和管理的组成部分。