Despite the dominance of the blast furnace ironmaking process, more attention is being paid to the new technologies with lower energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. A novel flash ironmaking technology using pulverized coals and iron concentrates as raw materials, which is different from flash ironmaking with the reductive gas as the reducing agent, is studied. In order to obtain the flow patterns, temperature, and gas composition distribution, as well as particle trajectories in the reaction shaft of the flash ironmaking furnace, the Euler–Lagrangian model with a custom user defined function (UDF) code is used to simulate the processes of the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reactions, including the combustion reaction of pulverized coals and reduction reaction of iron concentrates. The results indicate that the flow patterns, temperature, and gas composition distributions present symmetrical distribution characteristics. The central oxygen expands rapidly after entering the reaction shaft and its distribution is approximately bell-shaped. The temperature distribution in the reaction shaft is wing-shaped. The maximum temperature, 2615 K, is reached at 5 m below the roof of the reaction shaft. The O₂ is quickly consumed after entering the reaction shaft. At 6 m below the roof of the reaction shaft, the oxygen concentration becomes almost zero, with the CO concentration reaching the highest. The Fe₂O₃ and FeO in the iron concentrates are mostly reduced to Fe at 9 m below the roof of the reaction shaft, and more than 95 wt% iron particles could be obtained within 1.2–7.7 s.

中文翻译：

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闪速炼铁过程中气固相间燃烧和还原的数值研究

尽管高炉炼铁工艺占主导地位，但人们对低能耗和低二氧化碳排放的新技术给予了更多关注。研究了以粉煤和铁精矿为原料的新型闪速炼铁技术，该技术不同于以还原性气体为还原剂的闪速炼铁。为了获得闪速炼铁炉反应井中的流动模式，温度和气体成分分布以及颗粒轨迹，使用带有自定义用户定义函数（UDF）代码的Euler–Lagrangian模型来模拟流体流动，传热和传质以及化学反应的过程，包括煤粉的燃烧反应和铁精矿的还原反应。结果表明，流型，温度和气体成分分布呈现对称分布特征。中心氧在进入反应轴后迅速膨胀，其分布大致呈钟形。反作用轴中的温度分布为翼形。在反作用井顶以下5 m处达到最高温度2615K。O进入反作用轴后迅速消耗掉₂。在反应竖井顶部以下6 m，氧气浓度几乎为零，而CO浓度达到最高。铁精矿中的Fe ₂ O ₃和FeO在反应竖井顶部以下9 m处大部分还原为Fe，并且在1.2–7.7 s内可获得超过95 wt％的铁颗粒。