Trees are especially useful biological indicators. We tested the suitability of tree leaves (Common Lime) to assess PM₅ and PM₁₀ deposition in the three summer months of 2018 in Debrecen city, Hungary. We also tested the usefulness of the cheap and simple gravimetric method to assess the PM deposition, and compared to the expensive, but standard laser diffraction method. We found significant differences between the concentrations of PM₁₀ deposited on tree leaves, and on dust traps. A significant difference was found in the concentration of PM₅ only in July. A significant difference was also found in the concentration of PM₁₀ among months based on leaves and dust traps. For PM₅ there was a significant difference among months based on leaves deposition. We found a significant positive correlation between the PM₁₀ concentration deposited on leaves and on dust traps. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of PM based on the gravimetric and laser diffraction measurement methods. Our findings pointed out the particulate material’s washing by rain from leaves; thus, dust deposition on the surface of leaves is limited. Our results demonstrated that trees play an important role in the mitigation of air pollution, and they are a useful indicator of PM deposition for biomonitoring studies.

中文翻译：

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城市人居环境中颗粒物质（PM5和PM10）的生态评估

树木是特别有用的生物学指标。我们测试了树叶（普通石灰）的适用性，以评估2018年三个月在匈牙利德布勒森市的PM ₅和PM ₁₀沉积。我们还测试了便宜且简单的重量分析法评估PM沉积的有效性，并与昂贵但标准的激光衍射法进行了比较。我们发现沉积在树叶和灰尘收集器上的PM ₁₀浓度之间存在显着差异。仅在7月，发现PM ₅的浓度存在显着差异。基于叶子和灰尘收集器，PM ₁₀的浓度在几个月之间也存在显着差异。对于_5号纸机基于叶片沉积的月份之间存在显着差异。我们发现沉积在叶子和灰尘收集器上的PM ₁₀浓度之间存在显着的正相关。发现基于重量法的PM浓度与激光衍射测量方法之间呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，颗粒材料被雨水冲刷掉了。因此，限制了灰尘在叶子表面上的沉积。我们的结果表明，树木在缓解空气污染中起着重要作用，并且它们是生物监测研究中PM沉积的有用指标。